/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/  FatFs - Generic FAT Filesystem Module  R0.14                               /
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/
/ Copyright (C) 2019, ChaN, all right reserved.
/
/ FatFs module is an open source software. Redistribution and use of FatFs in
/ source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
/ that the following condition is met:
/
/ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
/    this condition and the following disclaimer.
/
/ This software is provided by the copyright holder and contributors "AS IS"
/ and any warranties related to this software are DISCLAIMED.
/ The copyright owner or contributors be NOT LIABLE for any damages caused
/ by use of this software.
/
/----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include "ff.h"     /* Declarations of FatFs API */
#include "diskio.h" /* Declarations of device I/O functions */

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Definitions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_DEFINED != 86606 /* Revision ID */
#error Wrong include file (ff.h).
#endif

/* Limits and boundaries */
#define MAX_DIR    0x200000   /* Max size of FAT directory */
#define MAX_DIR_EX 0x10000000 /* Max size of exFAT directory */
#define MAX_FAT12  0xFF5      /* Max FAT12 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT16  0xFFF5     /* Max FAT16 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT32  0x0FFFFFF5 /* Max FAT32 clusters (not specified, practical limit) */
#define MAX_EXFAT  0x7FFFFFFD /* Max exFAT clusters (differs from specs, implementation limit) */

/* Character code support macros */
#define IsUpper(c)      ((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'Z')
#define IsLower(c)      ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z')
#define IsDigit(c)      ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
#define IsSurrogate(c)  ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)
#define IsSurrogateH(c) ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDBFF)
#define IsSurrogateL(c) ((c) >= 0xDC00 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)

/* Additional file access control and file status flags for internal use */
#define FA_SEEKEND  0x20 /* Seek to end of the file on file open */
#define FA_MODIFIED 0x40 /* File has been modified */
#define FA_DIRTY    0x80 /* FIL.buf[] needs to be written-back */

/* Additional file attribute bits for internal use */
#define AM_VOL  0x08 /* Volume label */
#define AM_LFN  0x0F /* LFN entry */
#define AM_MASK 0x3F /* Mask of defined bits */

/* Name status flags in fn[11] */
#define NSFLAG    11   /* Index of the name status byte */
#define NS_LOSS   0x01 /* Out of 8.3 format */
#define NS_LFN    0x02 /* Force to create LFN entry */
#define NS_LAST   0x04 /* Last segment */
#define NS_BODY   0x08 /* Lower case flag (body) */
#define NS_EXT    0x10 /* Lower case flag (ext) */
#define NS_DOT    0x20 /* Dot entry */
#define NS_NOLFN  0x40 /* Do not find LFN */
#define NS_NONAME 0x80 /* Not followed */

/* exFAT directory entry types */
#define ET_BITMAP   0x81 /* Allocation bitmap */
#define ET_UPCASE   0x82 /* Up-case table */
#define ET_VLABEL   0x83 /* Volume label */
#define ET_FILEDIR  0x85 /* File and directory */
#define ET_STREAM   0xC0 /* Stream extension */
#define ET_FILENAME 0xC1 /* Name extension */

/* FatFs refers the FAT structure as simple byte array instead of structure member
/ because the C structure is not binary compatible between different platforms */

#define BS_JmpBoot     0   /* x86 jump instruction (3-byte) */
#define BS_OEMName     3   /* OEM name (8-byte) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSec 11  /* Sector size [byte] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerClus 13  /* Cluster size [sector] (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt 14  /* Size of reserved area [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumFATs    16  /* Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RootEntCnt 17  /* Size of root directory area for FAT [entry] (WORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec16   19  /* Volume size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_Media      21  /* Media descriptor byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_FATSz16    22  /* FAT size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerTrk  24  /* Number of sectors per track for int13h [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumHeads   26  /* Number of heads for int13h (WORD) */
#define BPB_HiddSec    28  /* Volume offset from top of the drive (DWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec32   32  /* Volume size (32-bit) [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum      36  /* Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres       37  /* WindowsNT error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig     38  /* Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID       39  /* Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab      43  /* Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType  54  /* Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode    62  /* Boot code (448-byte) */
#define BS_55AA        510 /* Signature word (WORD) */

#define BPB_FATSz32     36 /* FAT32: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_ExtFlags32  40 /* FAT32: Extended flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_FSVer32     42 /* FAT32: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_RootClus32  44 /* FAT32: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSInfo32    48 /* FAT32: Offset of FSINFO sector (WORD) */
#define BPB_BkBootSec32 50 /* FAT32: Offset of backup boot sector (WORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum32     64 /* FAT32: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres32      65 /* FAT32: Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig32    66 /* FAT32: Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID32      67 /* FAT32: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab32     71 /* FAT32: Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType32 82 /* FAT32: Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode32   90 /* FAT32: Boot code (420-byte) */

#define BPB_ZeroedEx     11  /* exFAT: MBZ field (53-byte) */
#define BPB_VolOfsEx     64  /* exFAT: Volume offset from top of the drive [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSecEx     72  /* exFAT: Volume size [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_FatOfsEx     80  /* exFAT: FAT offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FatSzEx      84  /* exFAT: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_DataOfsEx    88  /* exFAT: Data offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_NumClusEx    92  /* exFAT: Number of clusters (DWORD) */
#define BPB_RootClusEx   96  /* exFAT: Root directory start cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_VolIDEx      100 /* exFAT: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSVerEx      104 /* exFAT: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_VolFlagEx    106 /* exFAT: Volume flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSecEx 108 /* exFAT: Log2 of sector size in unit of byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_SecPerClusEx 109 /* exFAT: Log2 of cluster size in unit of sector (BYTE) */
#define BPB_NumFATsEx    110 /* exFAT: Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_DrvNumEx     111 /* exFAT: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BPB_PercInUseEx  112 /* exFAT: Percent in use (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdEx       113 /* exFAT: Reserved (7-byte) */
#define BS_BootCodeEx    120 /* exFAT: Boot code (390-byte) */

#define DIR_Name           0  /* Short file name (11-byte) */
#define DIR_Attr           11 /* Attribute (BYTE) */
#define DIR_NTres          12 /* Lower case flag (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime10      13 /* Created time sub-second (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime        14 /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_LstAccDate     18 /* Last accessed date (WORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusHI      20 /* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_ModTime        22 /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusLO      26 /* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_FileSize       28 /* File size (DWORD) */
#define LDIR_Ord           0  /* LFN: LFN order and LLE flag (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Attr          11 /* LFN: LFN attribute (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Type          12 /* LFN: Entry type (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Chksum        13 /* LFN: Checksum of the SFN (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_FstClusLO     26 /* LFN: MBZ field (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Type          0  /* exFAT: Type of exFAT directory entry (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumLabel      1  /* exFAT: Number of volume label characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_Label         2  /* exFAT: Volume label (11-WORD) */
#define XDIR_CaseSum       4  /* exFAT: Sum of case conversion table (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_NumSec        1  /* exFAT: Number of secondary entries (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_SetSum        2  /* exFAT: Sum of the set of directory entries (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Attr          4  /* exFAT: File attribute (WORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime       8  /* exFAT: Created time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_ModTime       12 /* exFAT: Modified time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_AccTime       16 /* exFAT: Last accessed time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime10     20 /* exFAT: Created time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTime10     21 /* exFAT: Modified time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_CrtTZ         22 /* exFAT: Created timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTZ         23 /* exFAT: Modified timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_AccTZ         24 /* exFAT: Last accessed timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_GenFlags      33 /* exFAT: General secondary flags (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumName       35 /* exFAT: Number of file name characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NameHash      36 /* exFAT: Hash of file name (WORD) */
#define XDIR_ValidFileSize 40 /* exFAT: Valid file size (QWORD) */
#define XDIR_FstClus       52 /* exFAT: First cluster of the file data (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_FileSize      56 /* exFAT: File/Directory size (QWORD) */

#define SZDIRE 32   /* Size of a directory entry */
#define DDEM   0xE5 /* Deleted directory entry mark set to DIR_Name[0] */
#define RDDEM  0x05 /* Replacement of the character collides with DDEM */
#define LLEF   0x40 /* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */

#define FSI_LeadSig    0   /* FAT32 FSI: Leading signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_StrucSig   484 /* FAT32 FSI: Structure signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Free_Count 488 /* FAT32 FSI: Number of free clusters (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Nxt_Free   492 /* FAT32 FSI: Last allocated cluster (DWORD) */

#define MBR_Table  446 /* MBR: Offset of partition table in the MBR */
#define SZ_PTE     16  /* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
#define PTE_Boot   0   /* MBR PTE: Boot indicator */
#define PTE_StHead 1   /* MBR PTE: Start head */
#define PTE_StSec  2   /* MBR PTE: Start sector */
#define PTE_StCyl  3   /* MBR PTE: Start cylinder */
#define PTE_System 4   /* MBR PTE: System ID */
#define PTE_EdHead 5   /* MBR PTE: End head */
#define PTE_EdSec  6   /* MBR PTE: End sector */
#define PTE_EdCyl  7   /* MBR PTE: End cylinder */
#define PTE_StLba  8   /* MBR PTE: Start in LBA */
#define PTE_SizLba 12  /* MBR PTE: Size in LBA */

#define GPTH_Sign    0   /* GPT: Header signature (8-byte) */
#define GPTH_Rev     8   /* GPT: Revision (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Size    12  /* GPT: Header size (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Bcc     16  /* GPT: Header BCC (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_CurLba  24  /* GPT: Main header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_BakLba  32  /* GPT: Backup header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_FstLba  40  /* GPT: First LBA for partitions (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_LstLba  48  /* GPT: Last LBA for partitions (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_DskGuid 56  /* GPT: Disk GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTH_PtOfs   72  /* GPT: Partation table LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtNum   80  /* GPT: Number of table entries (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PteSize 84  /* GPT: Size of table entry (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtBcc   88  /* GPT: Partation table BCC (DWORD) */
#define SZ_GPTE      128 /* GPT: Size of partition table entry */
#define GPTE_PtGuid  0   /* GPT PTE: Partition type GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_UpGuid  16  /* GPT PTE: Partition unique GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_FstLba  32  /* GPT PTE: First LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_LstLba  40  /* GPT PTE: Last LBA inclusive (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Flags   48  /* GPT PTE: Flags (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Name    56  /* GPT PTE: Name */

/* Post process on fatal error in the file operations */
#define ABORT(fs, res)         \
    {                          \
        fp->err = (BYTE)(res); \
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);     \
    }

/* Re-entrancy related */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
#error Static LFN work area cannot be used at thread-safe configuration
#endif
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)   \
    {                       \
        unlock_fs(fs, res); \
        return res;         \
    }
#else
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res) return res
#endif

/* Definitions of logical drive - physical location conversion */
#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
#define LD2PD(vol) VolToPart[vol].pd /* Get physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) VolToPart[vol].pt /* Get partition index */
#else
#define LD2PD(vol) (BYTE)(vol) /* Each logical drive is associated with the same physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) 0           /* Find first valid partition or in SFD */
#endif

/* Definitions of sector size */
#if (FF_MAX_SS < FF_MIN_SS) || (FF_MAX_SS != 512 && FF_MAX_SS != 1024 && FF_MAX_SS != 2048 && FF_MAX_SS != 4096) || (FF_MIN_SS != 512 && FF_MIN_SS != 1024 && FF_MIN_SS != 2048 && FF_MIN_SS != 4096)
#error Wrong sector size configuration
#endif
#if FF_MAX_SS == FF_MIN_SS
#define SS(fs) ((UINT)FF_MAX_SS) /* Fixed sector size */
#else
#define SS(fs) ((fs)->ssize) /* Variable sector size */
#endif

/* Timestamp */
#if FF_FS_NORTC == 1
#if FF_NORTC_YEAR < 1980 || FF_NORTC_YEAR > 2107 || FF_NORTC_MON < 1 || FF_NORTC_MON > 12 || FF_NORTC_MDAY < 1 || FF_NORTC_MDAY > 31
#error Invalid FF_FS_NORTC settings
#endif
#define GET_FATTIME() ((DWORD)(FF_NORTC_YEAR - 1980) << 25 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MON << 21 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MDAY << 16)
#else
#define GET_FATTIME() get_fattime()
#endif

/* File lock controls */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
#if FF_FS_READONLY
#error FF_FS_LOCK must be 0 at read-only configuration
#endif
typedef struct
{
    FATFS *fs; /* Object ID 1, volume (NULL:blank entry) */
    DWORD clu; /* Object ID 2, containing directory (0:root) */
    DWORD ofs; /* Object ID 3, offset in the directory */
    WORD ctr;  /* Object open counter, 0:none, 0x01..0xFF:read mode open count, 0x100:write mode */
} FILESEM;
#endif

/* SBCS up-case tables (\x80-\xFF) */
#define TBL_CT437                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x45, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT720                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0xA2, 0xA3, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT737                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, \
            0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x90, 0x91, 0xAA, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0x97, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xE4, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, 0xF5, 0xF0, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT771                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDC, 0xDE, 0xDE, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF8, 0xFA, 0xFA, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT775                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x91, 0xA0, 0x8E, 0x95, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xAD, 0xED, 0x8A, 0x8A, 0xA1, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0xE2, 0x99, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0xE0, 0xA3, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xA5, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE3, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0xEA, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT850                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x43, 0x55, 0x45, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x43, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41, 0x41,     \
            0x45, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x4F, 0x9C, 0x4F, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0x41, 0x41, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0x49, 0xDF, \
            0x4F, 0xE1, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0x4F, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0x55, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x59, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT852                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0xB6, 0x8E, 0xDE, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x9D, 0xD3, 0x8A, 0x8A, 0xD7, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x91, 0xE2, 0x99, 0x95, 0x95, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9B, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0xAC, \
            0xB5, 0xD6, 0xE0, 0xE9, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA6, 0xA6, 0xA8, 0xA8, 0xAA, 0x8D, 0xAC, 0xB8, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBD, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC6, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD2, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xB7, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE3, 0xD5, 0xE6, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xE8, 0xEB, 0xED, 0xED, 0xDD, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xEB, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT855                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x81, 0x81, 0x83, 0x83, 0x85, 0x85, 0x87, 0x87, 0x89, 0x89, 0x8B, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x8D, 0x8F, 0x8F,     \
            0x91, 0x91, 0x93, 0x93, 0x95, 0x95, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x99, 0x9B, 0x9B, 0x9D, 0x9D, 0x9F, 0x9F, \
            0xA1, 0xA1, 0xA3, 0xA3, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA7, 0xA7, 0xA9, 0xA9, 0xAB, 0xAB, 0xAD, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB6, 0xB6, 0xB8, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBE, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD1, 0xD1, 0xD3, 0xD3, 0xD5, 0xD5, 0xD7, 0xD7, 0xDD, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xE0, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE2, 0xE2, 0xE4, 0xE4, 0xE6, 0xE6, 0xE8, 0xE8, 0xEA, 0xEA, 0xEC, 0xEC, 0xEE, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF8, 0xFA, 0xFA, 0xFC, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT857                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0xB6, 0x8E, 0xB7, 0x8F, 0x80, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD8, 0xD7, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0xE2, 0x99, 0xE3, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9E, \
            0xB5, 0xD6, 0xE0, 0xE9, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA6, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC7, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0x49, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE5, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xDE, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT860                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x8F, 0x8E, 0x91, 0x86, 0x80, 0x89, 0x89, 0x92, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x98, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x8C, 0x99, 0xA9, 0x96, 0x9D, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x86, 0x8B, 0x9F, 0x96, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT861                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x8B, 0x8B, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x8D, 0x55, 0x97, 0x97, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9D, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT862                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT863                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x43, 0x55, 0x45, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x86, 0x43, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8D, 0x41, 0x8F,     \
            0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x4F, 0x45, 0x49, 0x55, 0x55, 0x98, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x55, 0x55, 0x9F, \
            0xA0, 0xA1, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x49, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT864                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x45, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT865                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x9A, 0x90, 0x41, 0x8E, 0x41, 0x8F, 0x80, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x92, 0x92, 0x4F, 0x99, 0x4F, 0x55, 0x55, 0x59, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x41, 0x49, 0x4F, 0x55, 0xA5, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0xE0, 0xE1, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0xE4, 0xE5, 0xE6, 0xE7, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0xEA, 0xEB, 0xEC, 0xED, 0xEE, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xF2, 0xF3, 0xF4, 0xF5, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT866                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xD6, 0xD7, 0xD8, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xDD, 0xDE, 0xDF, \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x9C, 0x9D, 0x9E, 0x9F, \
            0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF2, 0xF2, 0xF4, 0xF4, 0xF6, 0xF6, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xFA, 0xFB, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }
#define TBL_CT869                                                                                           \
    {                                                                                                       \
        0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89, 0x8A, 0x8B, 0x8C, 0x8D, 0x8E, 0x8F,     \
            0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9A, 0x86, 0x9C, 0x8D, 0x8F, 0x90, \
            0x91, 0x90, 0x92, 0x95, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAB, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xAE, 0xAF, \
            0xB0, 0xB1, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0xB4, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0xBA, 0xBB, 0xBC, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xBF, \
            0xC0, 0xC1, 0xC2, 0xC3, 0xC4, 0xC5, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xC8, 0xC9, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0xCC, 0xCD, 0xCE, 0xCF, \
            0xD0, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0xA4, 0xA5, 0xA6, 0xD9, 0xDA, 0xDB, 0xDC, 0xA7, 0xA8, 0xDF, \
            0xA9, 0xAA, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0xB5, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0xB8, 0xBD, 0xBE, 0xC6, 0xC7, 0xCF, 0xCF, 0xD0, 0xEF, \
            0xF0, 0xF1, 0xD1, 0xD2, 0xD3, 0xF5, 0xD4, 0xF7, 0xF8, 0xF9, 0xD5, 0x96, 0x95, 0x98, 0xFE, 0xFF  \
    }

/* DBCS code range |----- 1st byte -----|  |----------- 2nd byte -----------| */
/*                  <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>  */
#define TBL_DC932                                                  \
    {                                                              \
        0x81, 0x9F, 0xE0, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00 \
    }
#define TBL_DC936                                                  \
    {                                                              \
        0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00 \
    }
#define TBL_DC949                                                  \
    {                                                              \
        0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x5A, 0x61, 0x7A, 0x81, 0xFE \
    }
#define TBL_DC950                                                  \
    {                                                              \
        0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0xA1, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00 \
    }

/* Macros for table definitions */
#define MERGE_2STR(a, b) a##b
#define MKCVTBL(hd, cp)  MERGE_2STR(hd, cp)

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Work Area

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remark: Variables defined here without initial value shall be guaranteed
/  zero/null at start-up. If not, the linker option or start-up routine is
/  not compliance with C standard. */

/*--------------------------------*/
/* File/Volume controls           */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_VOLUMES < 1 || FF_VOLUMES > 10
#error Wrong FF_VOLUMES setting
#endif
static FATFS *FatFs[FF_VOLUMES]; /* Pointer to the filesystem objects (logical drives) */
static WORD Fsid;                /* Filesystem mount ID */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
static BYTE CurrVol; /* Current drive */
#endif

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
static FILESEM Files[FF_FS_LOCK]; /* Open object lock semaphores */
#endif

#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
#ifdef FF_VOLUME_STRS
static const char *const VolumeStr[FF_VOLUMES] = { FF_VOLUME_STRS }; /* Pre-defined volume ID */
#endif
#endif

#if FF_LBA64
#if FF_MIN_GPT > 0x100000000
#error Wrong FF_MIN_GPT setting
#endif
static const BYTE GUID_MS_Basic[16] = { 0xA2, 0xA0, 0xD0, 0xEB, 0xE5, 0xB9, 0x33, 0x44, 0x87, 0xC0, 0x68, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0x26, 0x99, 0xC7 };
#endif

/*--------------------------------*/
/* LFN/Directory working buffer   */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_USE_LFN == 0 /* Non-LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#error LFN must be enabled when enable exFAT
#endif
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#else /* LFN configurations */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 12 || FF_MAX_LFN > 255
#error Wrong setting of FF_MAX_LFN
#endif
#if FF_LFN_BUF < FF_SFN_BUF || FF_SFN_BUF < 12
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_BUF or FF_SFN_BUF
#endif
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE < 0 || FF_LFN_UNICODE > 3
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_UNICODE
#endif
static const BYTE LfnOfs[] = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, 30 }; /* FAT: Offset of LFN characters in the directory entry */
#define MAXDIRB(nc) ((nc + 44U) / 15 * SZDIRE) /* exFAT: Size of directory entry block scratchpad buffer needed for the name length */

#if FF_USE_LFN == 1 /* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static BYTE DirBuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)]; /* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#endif
static WCHAR LfnBuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1]; /* LFN working buffer */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 2 /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the stack */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF              \
    WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1]; \
    BYTE dbuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)]; /* LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)      \
    {                        \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; \
        (fs)->dirbuf = dbuf; \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1]; /* LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)      \
    {                        \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res) return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 3 /* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the heap */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR *lfn; /* Pointer to LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)                                                \
    {                                                                  \
        lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2 + MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)); \
        if (!lfn)                                                      \
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE);                          \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn;                                            \
        (fs)->dirbuf = (BYTE *)(lfn + FF_MAX_LFN + 1);                 \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF() ff_memfree(lfn)
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF WCHAR *lfn; /* Pointer to LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)                          \
    {                                            \
        lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2); \
        if (!lfn)                                \
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE);    \
        (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn;                      \
    }
#define FREE_NAMBUF() ff_memfree(lfn)
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res)      \
    {                        \
        if (!work)           \
            ff_memfree(buf); \
        return res;          \
    }
#define MAX_MALLOC 0x8000 /* Must be >=FF_MAX_SS */

#else
#error Wrong setting of FF_USE_LFN

#endif /* FF_USE_LFN == 1 */
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN == 0 */

/*--------------------------------*/
/* Code conversion tables         */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 /* Run-time code page configuration */
#define CODEPAGE CodePage
static WORD CodePage;              /* Current code page */
static const BYTE *ExCvt, *DbcTbl; /* Pointer to current SBCS up-case table and DBCS code range table below */

static const BYTE Ct437[] = TBL_CT437;
static const BYTE Ct720[] = TBL_CT720;
static const BYTE Ct737[] = TBL_CT737;
static const BYTE Ct771[] = TBL_CT771;
static const BYTE Ct775[] = TBL_CT775;
static const BYTE Ct850[] = TBL_CT850;
static const BYTE Ct852[] = TBL_CT852;
static const BYTE Ct855[] = TBL_CT855;
static const BYTE Ct857[] = TBL_CT857;
static const BYTE Ct860[] = TBL_CT860;
static const BYTE Ct861[] = TBL_CT861;
static const BYTE Ct862[] = TBL_CT862;
static const BYTE Ct863[] = TBL_CT863;
static const BYTE Ct864[] = TBL_CT864;
static const BYTE Ct865[] = TBL_CT865;
static const BYTE Ct866[] = TBL_CT866;
static const BYTE Ct869[] = TBL_CT869;
static const BYTE Dc932[] = TBL_DC932;
static const BYTE Dc936[] = TBL_DC936;
static const BYTE Dc949[] = TBL_DC949;
static const BYTE Dc950[] = TBL_DC950;

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900 /* Static code page configuration (SBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE ExCvt[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_CT, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#else /* Static code page configuration (DBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE DbcTbl[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_DC, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#endif

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Module Private Functions

---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load/Store multi-byte word in the FAT structure                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD ld_word(const BYTE *ptr) /*   Load a 2-byte little-endian word */
{
    WORD rv;

    rv = ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

static DWORD ld_dword(const BYTE *ptr) /* Load a 4-byte little-endian word */
{
    DWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static QWORD ld_qword(const BYTE *ptr) /* Load an 8-byte little-endian word */
{
    QWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[7];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[6];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[5];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[4];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_word(BYTE *ptr, WORD val) /* Store a 2-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

static void st_dword(BYTE *ptr, DWORD val) /* Store a 4-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static void st_qword(BYTE *ptr, QWORD val) /* Store an 8-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
    val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
#endif
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* String functions                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Copy memory to memory */
static void mem_cpy(void *dst, const void *src, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *d = (BYTE *)dst;
    const BYTE *s = (const BYTE *)src;

    if (cnt != 0) {
        do {
            *d++ = *s++;
        } while (--cnt);
    }
}

/* Fill memory block */
static void mem_set(void *dst, int val, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *d = (BYTE *)dst;

    do {
        *d++ = (BYTE)val;
    } while (--cnt);
}

/* Compare memory block */
static int mem_cmp(const void *dst, const void *src, UINT cnt) /* ZR:same, NZ:different */
{
    const BYTE *d = (const BYTE *)dst, *s = (const BYTE *)src;
    int r = 0;

    do {
        r = *d++ - *s++;
    } while (--cnt && r == 0);

    return r;
}

/* Check if chr is contained in the string */
static int chk_chr(const char *str, int chr) /* NZ:contained, ZR:not contained */
{
    while (*str && *str != chr) {
        str++;
    }

    return *str;
}

/* Test if the byte is DBC 1st byte */
static int dbc_1st(BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 /* Variable code page */

    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) {
            return 1; /* 1st byte range 1 */
        }

        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) {
            return 1; /* 1st byte range 2 */
        }
    }

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900 /* DBCS fixed code page */

    if (c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) {
            return 1;
        }

        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) {
            return 1;
        }
    }

#else /* SBCS fixed code page */

    if (c != 0) {
        return 0; /* Always false */
    }

#endif
    return 0;
}

/* Test if the byte is DBC 2nd byte */
static int dbc_2nd(BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 /* Variable code page */

    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) {
            return 1; /* 2nd byte range 1 */
        }

        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) {
            return 1; /* 2nd byte range 2 */
        }

        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) {
            return 1; /* 2nd byte range 3 */
        }
    }

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900 /* DBCS fixed code page */

    if (c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) {
            return 1;
        }

        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) {
            return 1;
        }

        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) {
            return 1;
        }
    }

#else /* SBCS fixed code page */

    if (c != 0) {
        return 0; /* Always false */
    }

#endif
    return 0;
}

#if FF_USE_LFN

/* Get a Unicode code point from the TCHAR string in defined API encodeing */
static DWORD tchar2uni(                  /* Returns a character in UTF-16 encoding (>=0x10000 on surrogate pair, 0xFFFFFFFF on decode error) */
                       const TCHAR **str /* Pointer to pointer to TCHAR string in configured encoding */
)
{
    DWORD uc;
    const TCHAR *p = *str;

#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 /* UTF-16 input */
    WCHAR wc;

    uc = *p++; /* Get a unit */

    if (IsSurrogate(uc)) /* Surrogate? */
    {
        wc = *p++; /* Get low surrogate */

        if (!IsSurrogateH(uc) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong surrogate? */
        }

        uc = uc << 16 | wc;
    }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* UTF-8 input */
    BYTE b;
    int nf;

    uc = (BYTE)*p++; /* Get an encoding unit */

    if (uc & 0x80) /* Multiple byte code? */
    {
        if ((uc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) /* 2-byte sequence? */
        {
            uc &= 0x1F;
            nf = 1;
        } else {
            if ((uc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) /* 3-byte sequence? */
            {
                uc &= 0x0F;
                nf = 2;
            } else {
                if ((uc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) /* 4-byte sequence? */
                {
                    uc &= 0x07;
                    nf = 3;
                } else /* Wrong sequence */
                {
                    return 0xFFFFFFFF;
                }
            }
        }

        do /* Get trailing bytes */
        {
            b = (BYTE)*p++;

            if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong sequence? */
            }

            uc = uc << 6 | (b & 0x3F);
        } while (--nf != 0);

        if (uc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(uc) || uc >= 0x110000) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong code? */
        }

        if (uc >= 0x010000) {
            uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
        }
    }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3 /* UTF-32 input */
    uc = (TCHAR)*p++; /* Get a unit */

    if (uc >= 0x110000 || IsSurrogate(uc)) {
        return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Wrong code? */
    }

    if (uc >= 0x010000) {
        uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
    }

#else /* ANSI/OEM input */
    BYTE b;
    WCHAR wc;

    wc = (BYTE)*p++; /* Get a byte */

    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) /* Is it a DBC 1st byte? */
    {
        b = (BYTE)*p++; /* Get 2nd byte */

        if (!dbc_2nd(b)) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalid code? */
        }

        wc = (wc << 8) + b; /* Make a DBC */
    }

    if (wc != 0) {
        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE); /* ANSI/OEM ==> Unicode */

        if (wc == 0) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalid code? */
        }
    }

    uc = wc;

#endif
    *str = p; /* Next read pointer */
    return uc;
}

/* Output a TCHAR string in defined API encoding */
static BYTE put_utf(            /* Returns number of encoding units written (0:buffer overflow or wrong encoding) */
                    DWORD chr,  /* UTF-16 encoded character (Surrogate pair if >=0x10000) */
                    TCHAR *buf, /* Output buffer */
                    UINT szb    /* Size of the buffer */
)
{
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 /* UTF-16 output */
    WCHAR hs, wc;

    hs = (WCHAR)(chr >> 16);
    wc = (WCHAR)chr;

    if (hs == 0) /* Single encoding unit? */
    {
        if (szb < 1 || IsSurrogate(wc)) {
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        }

        *buf = wc;
        return 1;
    }

    if (szb < 2 || !IsSurrogateH(hs) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) {
        return 0; /* Buffer overflow or wrong surrogate? */
    }

    *buf++ = hs;
    *buf++ = wc;
    return 2;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* UTF-8 output */
    DWORD hc;

    if (chr < 0x80) /* Single byte code? */
    {
        if (szb < 1) {
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
        }

        *buf = (TCHAR)chr;
        return 1;
    }

    if (chr < 0x800) /* 2-byte sequence? */
    {
        if (szb < 2) {
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
        }

        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (chr >> 6 & 0x1F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 2;
    }

    if (chr < 0x10000) /* 3-byte sequence? */
    {
        if (szb < 3 || IsSurrogate(chr)) {
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        }

        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (chr >> 12 & 0x0F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 3;
    }

    /* 4-byte sequence */
    if (szb < 4) {
        return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
    }

    hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6; /* Get high 10 bits */
    chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;               /* Get low 10 bits */

    if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) {
        return 0; /* Wrong surrogate? */
    }

    chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (chr >> 18 & 0x07));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 12 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
    return 4;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3 /* UTF-32 output */
    DWORD hc;

    if (szb < 1) {
        return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
    }

    if (chr >= 0x10000) /* Out of BMP? */
    {
        hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6; /* Get high 10 bits */
        chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;               /* Get low 10 bits */

        if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) {
            return 0; /* Wrong surrogate? */
        }

        chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    }

    *buf++ = (TCHAR)chr;
    return 1;

#else /* ANSI/OEM output */
    WCHAR wc;

    wc = ff_uni2oem(chr, CODEPAGE);

    if (wc >= 0x100) /* Is this a DBC? */
    {
        if (szb < 2) {
            return 0;
        }

        *buf++ = (char)(wc >> 8); /* Store DBC 1st byte */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;       /* Store DBC 2nd byte */
        return 2;
    }

    if (wc == 0 || szb < 1) {
        return 0; /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
    }

    *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc; /* Store the character */
    return 1;
#endif
}
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */

#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request/Release grant to access the volume                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int lock_fs(          /* 1:Ok, 0:timeout */
                   FATFS *fs /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    return ff_req_grant(fs->sobj);
}

static void unlock_fs(
    FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
    FRESULT res /* Result code to be returned */
)
{
    if (fs && res != FR_NOT_ENABLED && res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE && res != FR_TIMEOUT) {
        ff_rel_grant(fs->sobj);
    }
}

#endif

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* File lock control functions                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT chk_lock(         /* Check if the file can be accessed */
                        DIR *dp, /* Directory object pointing the file to be checked */
                        int acc  /* Desired access type (0:Read mode open, 1:Write mode open, 2:Delete or rename) */
)
{
    UINT i, be;

    /* Search open object table for the object */
    be = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs) /* Existing entry */
        {
            if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs && /* Check if the object matches with an open object */
                Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
                Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) {
                break;
            }
        } else /* Blank entry */
        {
            be = 1;
        }
    }

    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) /* The object has not been opened */
    {
        return (!be && acc != 2) ? FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES : FR_OK; /* Is there a blank entry for new object? */
    }

    /* The object was opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
    return (acc != 0 || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
}

static int enq_lock(void) /* Check if an entry is available for a new object */
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++)
        ;

    return (i == FF_FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
}

static UINT inc_lock(         /* Increment object open counter and returns its index (0:Internal error) */
                     DIR *dp, /* Directory object pointing the file to register or increment */
                     int acc  /* Desired access (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) /* Find the object */
    {
        if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs && Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust && Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) {
            break;
        }
    }

    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
    {
        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++)
            ;

        if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {
            return 0; /* No free entry to register (int err) */
        }

        Files[i].fs = dp->obj.fs;
        Files[i].clu = dp->obj.sclust;
        Files[i].ofs = dp->dptr;
        Files[i].ctr = 0;
    }

    if (acc >= 1 && Files[i].ctr) {
        return 0; /* Access violation (int err) */
    }

    Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1; /* Set semaphore value */

    return i + 1; /* Index number origin from 1 */
}

static FRESULT dec_lock(       /* Decrement object open counter */
                        UINT i /* Semaphore index (1..) */
)
{
    WORD n;
    FRESULT res;

    if (--i < FF_FS_LOCK) /* Index number origin from 0 */
    {
        n = Files[i].ctr;

        if (n == 0x100) {
            n = 0; /* If write mode open, delete the entry */
        }

        if (n > 0) {
            n--; /* Decrement read mode open count */
        }

        Files[i].ctr = n;

        if (n == 0) {
            Files[i].fs = 0; /* Delete the entry if open count gets zero */
        }

        res = FR_OK;
    } else {
        res = FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid index nunber */
    }

    return res;
}

static void clear_lock(/* Clear lock entries of the volume */
                       FATFS *fs)
{
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs == fs) {
            Files[i].fs = 0;
        }
    }
}

#endif /* FF_FS_LOCK != 0 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Move/Flush disk access window in the filesystem object                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT sync_window(          /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                           FATFS *fs /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;

    if (fs->wflag) /* Is the disk access window dirty? */
    {
        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1) == RES_OK) /* Write it back into the volume */
        {
            fs->wflag = 0; /* Clear window dirty flag */

            if (fs->winsect - fs->fatbase < fs->fsize) /* Is it in the 1st FAT? */
            {
                if (fs->n_fats == 2) {
                    disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect + fs->fsize, 1); /* Reflect it to 2nd FAT if needed */
                }
            }
        } else {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
    }

    return res;
}
#endif

static FRESULT move_window(           /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                           FATFS *fs, /* Filesystem object */
                           LBA_t sect /* Sector LBA to make appearance in the fs->win[] */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;

    if (sect != fs->winsect) /* Window offset changed? */
    {
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        res = sync_window(fs); /* Flush the window */
#endif

        if (res == FR_OK) /* Fill sector window with new data */
        {
            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fs->win, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                sect = (LBA_t)0 - 1; /* Invalidate window if read data is not valid */
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }

            fs->winsect = sect;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize filesystem and data on the storage                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT sync_fs(          /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                       FATFS *fs /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    res = sync_window(fs);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag == 1) /* FAT32: Update FSInfo sector if needed */
        {
            /* Create FSInfo structure */
            mem_set(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);
            st_word(fs->win + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clst);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clst);
            /* Write it into the FSInfo sector */
            fs->winsect = fs->volbase + 1;
            disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1);
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
        }

        /* Make sure that no pending write process in the lower layer */
        if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get physical sector number from cluster number                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static LBA_t clst2sect(           /* !=0:Sector number, 0:Failed (invalid cluster#) */
                       FATFS *fs, /* Filesystem object */
                       DWORD clst /* Cluster# to be converted */
)
{
    clst -= 2; /* Cluster number is origin from 2 */

    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
        return 0; /* Is it invalid cluster number? */
    }

    return fs->database + (LBA_t)fs->csize * clst; /* Start sector number of the cluster */
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Read value of a FAT entry                                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD get_fat(              /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, 2..0x7FFFFFFF:Cluster status */
                     FFOBJID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                     DWORD clst    /* Cluster number to get the value */
)
{
    UINT wc, bc;
    DWORD val;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;

    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) /* Check if in valid range */
    {
        val = 1; /* Internal error */

    } else {
        val = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Default value falls on disk error */

        switch (fs->fs_type) {
            case FS_FAT12:
                bc = (UINT)clst;
                bc += bc / 2;

                if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                wc = fs->win[bc++ % SS(fs)]; /* Get 1st byte of the entry */

                if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                wc |= fs->win[bc % SS(fs)] << 8;             /* Merge 2nd byte of the entry */
                val = (clst & 1) ? (wc >> 4) : (wc & 0xFFF); /* Adjust bit position */
                break;

            case FS_FAT16:
                if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2))) != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                val = ld_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs)); /* Simple WORD array */
                break;

            case FS_FAT32:
                if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x0FFFFFFF; /* Simple DWORD array but mask out upper 4 bits */
                break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            case FS_EXFAT:
                if ((obj->objsize != 0 && obj->sclust != 0) || obj->stat == 0) /* Object except root dir must have valid data length */
                {
                    DWORD cofs = clst - obj->sclust;                                        /* Offset from start cluster */
                    DWORD clen = (DWORD)((LBA_t)((obj->objsize - 1) / SS(fs)) / fs->csize); /* Number of clusters - 1 */

                    if (obj->stat == 2 && cofs <= clen) /* Is it a contiguous chain? */
                    {
                        val = (cofs == clen) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : clst + 1; /* No data on the FAT, generate the value */
                        break;
                    }

                    if (obj->stat == 3 && cofs < obj->n_cont) /* Is it in the 1st fragment? */
                    {
                        val = clst + 1; /* Generate the value */
                        break;
                    }

                    if (obj->stat != 2) /* Get value from FAT if FAT chain is valid */
                    {
                        if (obj->n_frag != 0) /* Is it on the growing edge? */
                        {
                            val = 0x7FFFFFFF; /* Generate EOC */
                        } else {
                            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) {
                                break;
                            }

                            val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
                        }

                        break;
                    }
                }

                /* go to default */
#endif

            default:
                val = 1; /* Internal error */
        }
    }

    return val;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Change value of a FAT entry                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT put_fat(            /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                       FATFS *fs,  /* Corresponding filesystem object */
                       DWORD clst, /* FAT index number (cluster number) to be changed */
                       DWORD val   /* New value to be set to the entry */
)
{
    UINT bc;
    BYTE *p;
    FRESULT res = FR_INT_ERR;

    if (clst >= 2 && clst < fs->n_fatent) /* Check if in valid range */
    {
        switch (fs->fs_type) {
            case FS_FAT12:
                bc = (UINT)clst;
                bc += bc / 2; /* bc: byte offset of the entry */
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                p = fs->win + bc++ % SS(fs);
                *p = (clst & 1) ? ((*p & 0x0F) | ((BYTE)val << 4)) : (BYTE)val; /* Update 1st byte */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                p = fs->win + bc % SS(fs);
                *p = (clst & 1) ? (BYTE)(val >> 4) : ((*p & 0xF0) | ((BYTE)(val >> 8) & 0x0F)); /* Update 2nd byte */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                break;

            case FS_FAT16:
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2)));

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                st_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs), (WORD)val); /* Simple WORD array */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                break;

            case FS_FAT32:
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            case FS_EXFAT:
#endif
                res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4)));

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                    val = (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) | (ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0xF0000000);
                }

                st_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs), val);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                break;

            /* add this for make pass */
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Accessing FAT and Allocation Bitmap                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*--------------------------------------*/
/* Find a contiguous free cluster block */
/*--------------------------------------*/

static DWORD find_bitmap(            /* 0:Not found, 2..:Cluster block found, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error */
                         FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
                         DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to scan from */
                         DWORD ncl   /* Number of contiguous clusters to find (1..) */
)
{
    BYTE bm, bv;
    UINT i;
    DWORD val, scl, ctr;

    clst -= 2; /* The first bit in the bitmap corresponds to cluster #2 */

    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
        clst = 0;
    }

    scl = val = clst;
    ctr = 0;

    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, fs->bitbase + val / 8 / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        }

        i = val / 8 % SS(fs);
        bm = 1 << (val % 8);

        do {
            do {
                bv = fs->win[i] & bm;
                bm <<= 1; /* Get bit value */

                if (++val >= fs->n_fatent - 2) /* Next cluster (with wrap-around) */
                {
                    val = 0;
                    bm = 0;
                    i = SS(fs);
                }

                if (bv == 0) /* Is it a free cluster? */
                {
                    if (++ctr == ncl) {
                        return scl + 2; /* Check if run length is sufficient for required */
                    }
                } else {
                    scl = val;
                    ctr = 0; /* Encountered a cluster in-use, restart to scan */
                }

                if (val == clst) {
                    return 0; /* All cluster scanned? */
                }
            } while (bm != 0);

            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));
    }
}

/*----------------------------------------*/
/* Set/Clear a block of allocation bitmap */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT change_bitmap(
    FATFS *fs,  /* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to change from */
    DWORD ncl,  /* Number of clusters to be changed */
    int bv      /* bit value to be set (0 or 1) */
)
{
    BYTE bm;
    UINT i;
    LBA_t sect;

    clst -= 2;                              /* The first bit corresponds to cluster #2 */
    sect = fs->bitbase + clst / 8 / SS(fs); /* Sector address */
    i = clst / 8 % SS(fs);                  /* Byte offset in the sector */
    bm = 1 << (clst % 8);                   /* Bit mask in the byte */

    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, sect++) != FR_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

        do {
            do {
                if (bv == (int)((fs->win[i] & bm) != 0)) {
                    return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is the bit expected value? */
                }

                fs->win[i] ^= bm; /* Flip the bit */
                fs->wflag = 1;

                if (--ncl == 0) {
                    return FR_OK; /* All bits processed? */
                }
            } while (bm <<= 1); /* Next bit */

            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs)); /* Next byte */

        i = 0;
    }
}

/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the first fragment of the FAT chain    */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_first_frag(
    FFOBJID *obj /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DWORD cl, n;

    if (obj->stat == 3) /* Has the object been changed 'fragmented' in this session? */
    {
        for (cl = obj->sclust, n = obj->n_cont; n; cl++, n--) /* Create cluster chain on the FAT */
        {
            res = put_fat(obj->fs, cl, cl + 1);

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }
        }

        obj->stat = 0; /* Change status 'FAT chain is valid' */
    }

    return FR_OK;
}

/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the last fragment of the FAT chain     */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_last_frag(
    FFOBJID *obj, /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
    DWORD lcl,    /* Last cluster of the fragment */
    DWORD term    /* Value to set the last FAT entry */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    while (obj->n_frag > 0) /* Create the chain of last fragment */
    {
        res = put_fat(obj->fs, lcl - obj->n_frag + 1, (obj->n_frag > 1) ? lcl - obj->n_frag + 2 : term);

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }

        obj->n_frag--;
    }

    return FR_OK;
}

#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Remove a cluster chain                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT remove_chain(              /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                            FFOBJID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                            DWORD clst,   /* Cluster to remove a chain from */
                            DWORD pclst   /* Previous cluster of clst (0 if entire chain) */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
    DWORD nxt;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
    DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst;
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
    LBA_t rt[2];
#endif

    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Check if in valid range */
    }

    /* Mark the previous cluster 'EOC' on the FAT if it exists */
    if (pclst != 0 && (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT || obj->stat != 2)) {
        res = put_fat(fs, pclst, 0xFFFFFFFF);

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }
    }

    /* Remove the chain */
    do {
        nxt = get_fat(obj, clst); /* Get cluster status */

        if (nxt == 0) {
            break; /* Empty cluster? */
        }

        if (nxt == 1) {
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error? */
        }

        if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error? */
        }

        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, 0); /* Mark the cluster 'free' on the FAT */

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }
        }

        if (fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2) /* Update FSINFO */
        {
            fs->free_clst++;
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
        }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM

        if (ecl + 1 == nxt) /* Is next cluster contiguous? */
        {
            ecl = nxt;
        } else /* End of contiguous cluster block */
        {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, ecl - scl + 1, 0); /* Mark the cluster block 'free' on the bitmap */

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    return res;
                }
            }

#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
            rt[0] = clst2sect(fs, scl);                 /* Start of data area to be freed */
            rt[1] = clst2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1; /* End of data area to be freed */
            disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, rt);        /* Inform storage device that the data in the block may be erased */
#endif
            scl = ecl = nxt;
        }

#endif
        clst = nxt;                /* Next cluster */
    } while (clst < fs->n_fatent); /* Repeat while not the last link */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    /* Some post processes for chain status */
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        if (pclst == 0) /* Has the entire chain been removed? */
        {
            obj->stat = 0; /* Change the chain status 'initial' */
        } else {
            if (obj->stat == 0) /* Is it a fragmented chain from the beginning of this session? */
            {
                clst = obj->sclust; /* Follow the chain to check if it gets contiguous */

                while (clst != pclst) {
                    nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);

                    if (nxt < 2) {
                        return FR_INT_ERR;
                    }

                    if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;
                    }

                    if (nxt != clst + 1) {
                        break; /* Not contiguous? */
                    }

                    clst++;
                }

                if (clst == pclst) /* Has the chain got contiguous again? */
                {
                    obj->stat = 2; /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            } else {
                if (obj->stat == 3 && pclst >= obj->sclust && pclst <= obj->sclust + obj->n_cont) /* Was the chain fragmented in this session and got contiguous again? */
                {
                    obj->stat = 2; /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            }
        }
    }

#endif
    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Stretch a chain or Create a new chain                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD create_chain(              /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, >=2:New cluster# */
                          FFOBJID *obj, /* Corresponding object */
                          DWORD clst    /* Cluster# to stretch, 0:Create a new chain */
)
{
    DWORD cs, ncl, scl;
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;

    if (clst == 0) /* Create a new chain */
    {
        scl = fs->last_clst; /* Suggested cluster to start to find */

        if (scl == 0 || scl >= fs->n_fatent) {
            scl = 1;
        }
    } else /* Stretch a chain */
    {
        cs = get_fat(obj, clst); /* Check the cluster status */

        if (cs < 2) {
            return 1; /* Test for insanity */
        }

        if (cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return cs; /* Test for disk error */
        }

        if (cs < fs->n_fatent) {
            return cs; /* It is already followed by next cluster */
        }

        scl = clst; /* Cluster to start to find */
    }

    if (fs->free_clst == 0) {
        return 0; /* No free cluster */
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* On the exFAT volume */
    {
        ncl = find_bitmap(fs, scl, 1); /* Find a free cluster */

        if (ncl == 0 || ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return ncl; /* No free cluster or hard error? */
        }

        res = change_bitmap(fs, ncl, 1, 1); /* Mark the cluster 'in use' */

        if (res == FR_INT_ERR) {
            return 1;
        }

        if (res == FR_DISK_ERR) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        }

        if (clst == 0) /* Is it a new chain? */
        {
            obj->stat = 2; /* Set status 'contiguous' */
        } else             /* It is a stretched chain */
        {
            if (obj->stat == 2 && ncl != scl + 1) /* Is the chain got fragmented? */
            {
                obj->n_cont = scl - obj->sclust; /* Set size of the contiguous part */
                obj->stat = 3;                   /* Change status 'just fragmented' */
            }
        }

        if (obj->stat != 2) /* Is the file non-contiguous? */
        {
            if (ncl == clst + 1) /* Is the cluster next to previous one? */
            {
                obj->n_frag = obj->n_frag ? obj->n_frag + 1 : 2; /* Increment size of last framgent */
            } else                                               /* New fragment */
            {
                if (obj->n_frag == 0) {
                    obj->n_frag = 1;
                }

                res = fill_last_frag(obj, clst, ncl); /* Fill last fragment on the FAT and link it to new one */

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    obj->n_frag = 1;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        ncl = 0;

        if (scl == clst) /* Stretching an existing chain? */
        {
            ncl = scl + 1; /* Test if next cluster is free */

            if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) {
                ncl = 2;
            }

            cs = get_fat(obj, ncl); /* Get next cluster status */

            if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                return cs; /* Test for error */
            }

            if (cs != 0) /* Not free? */
            {
                cs = fs->last_clst; /* Start at suggested cluster if it is valid */

                if (cs >= 2 && cs < fs->n_fatent) {
                    scl = cs;
                }

                ncl = 0;
            }
        }

        if (ncl == 0) /* The new cluster cannot be contiguous and find another fragment */
        {
            ncl = scl; /* Start cluster */

            for (;;) {
                ncl++; /* Next cluster */

                if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) /* Check wrap-around */
                {
                    ncl = 2;

                    if (ncl > scl) {
                        return 0; /* No free cluster found? */
                    }
                }

                cs = get_fat(obj, ncl); /* Get the cluster status */

                if (cs == 0) {
                    break; /* Found a free cluster? */
                }

                if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    return cs; /* Test for error */
                }

                if (ncl == scl) {
                    return 0; /* No free cluster found? */
                }
            }
        }

        res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Mark the new cluster 'EOC' */

        if (res == FR_OK && clst != 0) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl); /* Link it from the previous one if needed */
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) /* Update FSINFO if function succeeded. */
    {
        fs->last_clst = ncl;

        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
            fs->free_clst--;
        }

        fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
    } else {
        ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1; /* Failed. Generate error status */
    }

    return ncl; /* Return new cluster number or error status */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD clmt_clust(            /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
                        FIL *fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
                        FSIZE_t ofs /* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
)
{
    DWORD cl, ncl, *tbl;
    FATFS *fs = fp->obj.fs;

    tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;                    /* Top of CLMT */
    cl = (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs) / fs->csize); /* Cluster order from top of the file */

    for (;;) {
        ncl = *tbl++; /* Number of cluters in the fragment */

        if (ncl == 0) {
            return 0; /* End of table? (error) */
        }

        if (cl < ncl) {
            break; /* In this fragment? */
        }

        cl -= ncl;
        tbl++; /* Next fragment */
    }

    return cl + *tbl; /* Return the cluster number */
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FASTSEEK */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Fill a cluster with zeros                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT dir_clear(           /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
                         FATFS *fs, /* Filesystem object */
                         DWORD clst /* Directory table to clear */
)
{
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT n, szb;
    BYTE *ibuf;

    if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Flush disk access window */
    }

    sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);          /* Top of the cluster */
    fs->winsect = sect;                  /* Set window to top of the cluster */
    mem_set(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win); /* Clear window buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3 /* Quick table clear by using multi-secter write */

    /* Allocate a temporary buffer */
    for (szb = ((DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs) >= MAX_MALLOC) ? MAX_MALLOC : fs->csize * SS(fs), ibuf = 0; szb > SS(fs) && (ibuf = ff_memalloc(szb)) == 0; szb /= 2)
        ;

    if (szb > SS(fs)) /* Buffer allocated? */
    {
        mem_set(ibuf, 0, szb);
        szb /= SS(fs); /* Bytes -> Sectors */

        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb)
            ; /* Fill the cluster with 0 */

        ff_memfree(ibuf);
    } else
#endif
    {
        ibuf = fs->win;
        szb = 1; /* Use window buffer (many single-sector writes may take a time) */

        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb)
            ; /* Fill the cluster with 0 */
    }

    return (n == fs->csize) ? FR_OK : FR_DISK_ERR;
}
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Set directory index                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_sdi(          /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                       DIR *dp,  /* Pointer to directory object */
                       DWORD ofs /* Offset of directory table */
)
{
    DWORD csz, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR) || ofs % SZDIRE) /* Check range of offset and alignment */
    {
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }

    dp->dptr = ofs;        /* Set current offset */
    clst = dp->obj.sclust; /* Table start cluster (0:root) */

    if (clst == 0 && fs->fs_type >= FS_FAT32) /* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# */
    {
        clst = (DWORD)fs->dirbase;

        if (FF_FS_EXFAT) {
            dp->obj.stat = 0; /* exFAT: Root dir has an FAT chain */
        }
    }

    if (clst == 0) /* Static table (root-directory on the FAT volume) */
    {
        if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) {
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is index out of range? */
        }

        dp->sect = fs->dirbase;

    } else /* Dynamic table (sub-directory or root-directory on the FAT32/exFAT volume) */
    {
        csz = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Bytes per cluster */

        while (ofs >= csz) /* Follow cluster chain */
        {
            clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, clst); /* Get next cluster */

            if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
            }

            if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
                return FR_INT_ERR; /* Reached to end of table or internal error */
            }

            ofs -= csz;
        }

        dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
    }

    dp->clust = clst; /* Current cluster# */

    if (dp->sect == 0) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }

    dp->sect += ofs / SS(fs);           /* Sector# of the directory entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + (ofs % SS(fs)); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_next(            /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:Could not stretch */
                        DIR *dp,    /* Pointer to the directory object */
                        int stretch /* 0: Do not stretch table, 1: Stretch table if needed */
)
{
    DWORD ofs, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

    ofs = dp->dptr + SZDIRE; /* Next entry */

    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR)) {
        dp->sect = 0; /* Disable it if the offset reached the max value */
    }

    if (dp->sect == 0) {
        return FR_NO_FILE; /* Report EOT if it has been disabled */
    }

    if (ofs % SS(fs) == 0) /* Sector changed? */
    {
        dp->sect++; /* Next sector */

        if (dp->clust == 0) /* Static table */
        {
            if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) /* Report EOT if it reached end of static table */
            {
                dp->sect = 0;
                return FR_NO_FILE;
            }
        } else /* Dynamic table */
        {
            if ((ofs / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)) == 0) /* Cluster changed? */
            {
                clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, dp->clust); /* Get next cluster */

                if (clst <= 1) {
                    return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error */
                }

                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                }

                if (clst >= fs->n_fatent) /* It reached end of dynamic table */
                {
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

                    if (!stretch) /* If no stretch, report EOT */
                    {
                        dp->sect = 0;
                        return FR_NO_FILE;
                    }

                    clst = create_chain(&dp->obj, dp->clust); /* Allocate a cluster */

                    if (clst == 0) {
                        return FR_DENIED; /* No free cluster */
                    }

                    if (clst == 1) {
                        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Internal error */
                    }

                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                    }

                    if (dir_clear(fs, clst) != FR_OK) {
                        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Clean up the stretched table */
                    }

                    if (FF_FS_EXFAT) {
                        dp->obj.stat |= 4; /* exFAT: The directory has been stretched */
                    }

#else

                    if (!stretch) {
                        dp->sect = 0; /* (this line is to suppress compiler warning) */
                    }

                    dp->sect = 0;
                    return FR_NO_FILE; /* Report EOT */
#endif
                }

                dp->clust = clst; /* Initialize data for new cluster */
                dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
            }
        }
    }

    dp->dptr = ofs;                   /* Current entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + ofs % SS(fs); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Reserve a block of directory entries             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_alloc(          /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                         DIR *dp,  /* Pointer to the directory object */
                         UINT nent /* Number of contiguous entries to allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT n;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        n = 0;

        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if ((fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? (int)((dp->dir[XDIR_Type] & 0x80) == 0) : (int)(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0)) {
#else

            if (dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0) {
#endif

                if (++n == nent) {
                    break; /* A block of contiguous free entries is found */
                }
            } else {
                n = 0; /* Not a blank entry. Restart to search */
            }

            res = dir_next(dp, 1);
        }

        while (res == FR_OK); /* Next entry with table stretch enabled */
    }

    if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
        res = FR_DENIED; /* No directory entry to allocate */
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT: Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD ld_clust(                /* Returns the top cluster value of the SFN entry */
                      FATFS *fs,      /* Pointer to the fs object */
                      const BYTE *dir /* Pointer to the key entry */
)
{
    DWORD cl;

    cl = ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO);

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        cl |= (DWORD)ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
    }

    return cl;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_clust(
    FATFS *fs, /* Pointer to the fs object */
    BYTE *dir, /* Pointer to the key entry */
    DWORD cl   /* Value to be set */
)
{
    st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO, (WORD)cl);

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI, (WORD)(cl >> 16));
    }
}
#endif

#if FF_USE_LFN
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Compare a part of file name with an LFN entry */
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/

static int cmp_lfn(                     /* 1:matched, 0:not matched */
                   const WCHAR *lfnbuf, /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer to be compared */
                   BYTE *dir            /* Pointer to the directory entry containing the part of LFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;

    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) {
        return 0; /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */
    }

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) /* Process all characters in the entry */
    {
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]); /* Pick an LFN character */

        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1 || ff_wtoupper(uc) != ff_wtoupper(lfnbuf[i++])) /* Compare it */
            {
                return 0; /* Not matched */
            }

            wc = uc;
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) {
                return 0; /* Check filler */
            }
        }
    }

    if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) && wc && lfnbuf[i]) {
        return 0; /* Last segment matched but different length */
    }

    return 1; /* The part of LFN matched */
}

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Pick a part of file name from an LFN entry */
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/

static int pick_lfn(               /* 1:succeeded, 0:buffer overflow or invalid LFN entry */
                    WCHAR *lfnbuf, /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer */
                    BYTE *dir      /* Pointer to the LFN entry */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;

    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) {
        return 0; /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO is 0 */
    }

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & ~LLEF) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) /* Process all characters in the entry */
    {
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]); /* Pick an LFN character */

        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) {
                return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
            }

            lfnbuf[i++] = wc = uc; /* Store it */
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) {
                return 0; /* Check filler */
            }
        }
    }

    if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF && wc != 0) /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part and not terminated */
    {
        if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) {
            return 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
        }

        lfnbuf[i] = 0;
    }

    return 1; /* The part of LFN is valid */
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create an entry of LFN entries */
/*-----------------------------------------*/

static void put_lfn(
    const WCHAR *lfn, /* Pointer to the LFN */
    BYTE *dir,        /* Pointer to the LFN entry to be created */
    BYTE ord,         /* LFN order (1-20) */
    BYTE sum          /* Checksum of the corresponding SFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc;

    dir[LDIR_Chksum] = sum;  /* Set checksum */
    dir[LDIR_Attr] = AM_LFN; /* Set attribute. LFN entry */
    dir[LDIR_Type] = 0;
    st_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO, 0);

    i = (ord - 1) * 13; /* Get offset in the LFN working buffer */
    s = wc = 0;

    do {
        if (wc != 0xFFFF) {
            wc = lfn[i++]; /* Get an effective character */
        }

        st_word(dir + LfnOfs[s], wc); /* Put it */

        if (wc == 0) {
            wc = 0xFFFF; /* Padding characters for following items */
        }
    } while (++s < 13);

    if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfn[i]) {
        ord |= LLEF; /* Last LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
    }

    dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord; /* Set the LFN order */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */

#if FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create a Numbered SFN                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void gen_numname(
    BYTE *dst,        /* Pointer to the buffer to store numbered SFN */
    const BYTE *src,  /* Pointer to SFN */
    const WCHAR *lfn, /* Pointer to LFN */
    UINT seq          /* Sequence number */
)
{
    BYTE ns[8], c;
    UINT i, j;
    WCHAR wc;
    DWORD sreg;

    mem_cpy(dst, src, 11);

    if (seq > 5) /* In case of many collisions, generate a hash number instead of sequential number */
    {
        sreg = seq;

        while (*lfn) /* Create a CRC as hash value */
        {
            wc = *lfn++;

            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                sreg = (sreg << 1) + (wc & 1);
                wc >>= 1;

                if (sreg & 0x10000) {
                    sreg ^= 0x11021;
                }
            }
        }

        seq = (UINT)sreg;
    }

    /* itoa (hexdecimal) */
    i = 7;

    do {
        c = (BYTE)((seq % 16) + '0');

        if (c > '9') {
            c += 7;
        }

        ns[i--] = c;
        seq /= 16;
    } while (seq);

    ns[i] = '~';

    /* Append the number to the SFN body */
    for (j = 0; j < i && dst[j] != ' '; j++) {
        if (dbc_1st(dst[j])) {
            if (j == i - 1) {
                break;
            }

            j++;
        }
    }

    do {
        dst[j++] = (i < 8) ? ns[i++] : ' ';
    } while (j < 8);
}
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_LFN
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Calculate checksum of an SFN entry                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static BYTE sum_sfn(
    const BYTE *dir /* Pointer to the SFN entry */
)
{
    BYTE sum = 0;
    UINT n = 11;

    do {
        sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++;
    } while (--n);

    return sum;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Checksum                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD xdir_sum(                /* Get checksum of the directoly entry block */
                     const BYTE *dir /* Directory entry block to be calculated */
)
{
    UINT i, szblk;
    WORD sum;

    szblk = (dir[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE; /* Number of bytes of the entry block */

    for (i = sum = 0; i < szblk; i++) {
        if (i == XDIR_SetSum) /* Skip 2-byte sum field */
        {
            i++;
        } else {
            sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dir[i];
        }
    }

    return sum;
}

static WORD xname_sum(                  /* Get check sum (to be used as hash) of the file name */
                      const WCHAR *name /* File name to be calculated */
)
{
    WCHAR chr;
    WORD sum = 0;

    while ((chr = *name++) != 0) {
        chr = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(chr); /* File name needs to be up-case converted */
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr & 0xFF);
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr >> 8);
    }

    return sum;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
static DWORD xsum32(          /* Returns 32-bit checksum */
                    BYTE dat, /* Byte to be calculated (byte-by-byte processing) */
                    DWORD sum /* Previous sum value */
)
{
    sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x80000000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dat;
    return sum;
}
#endif

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get object information from a directory block */
/*------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_xfileinfo(
    BYTE *dirb,  /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */
    FILINFO *fno /* Buffer to store the extracted file information */
)
{
    WCHAR wc, hs;
    UINT di, si, nc;

    /* Get file name from the entry block */
    si = SZDIRE * 2; /* 1st C1 entry */
    nc = 0;
    hs = 0;
    di = 0;

    while (nc < dirb[XDIR_NumName]) {
        if (si >= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
            di = 0; /* Truncated directory block? */
            break;
        }

        if ((si % SZDIRE) == 0) {
            si += 2; /* Skip entry type field */
        }

        wc = ld_word(dirb + si);
        si += 2;
        nc++; /* Get a character */

        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) /* Is it a surrogate? */
        {
            hs = wc;
            continue; /* Get low surrogate */
        }

        wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di); /* Store it in API encoding */

        if (wc == 0) {
            di = 0; /* Buffer overflow or wrong encoding? */
            break;
        }

        di += wc;
        hs = 0;
    }

    if (hs != 0) {
        di = 0; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
    }

    if (di == 0) {
        fno->fname[di++] = '?'; /* Inaccessible object name? */
    }

    fno->fname[di] = 0;  /* Terminate the name */
    fno->altname[0] = 0; /* exFAT does not support SFN */

    fno->fattrib = dirb[XDIR_Attr];                                            /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) ? 0 : ld_qword(dirb + XDIR_FileSize); /* Size */
    fno->ftime = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 0);                             /* Time */
    fno->fdate = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 2);                             /* Date */
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */

/*-----------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get a directry entry block */
/*-----------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_xdir(        /* FR_INT_ERR: invalid entry block */
                         DIR *dp /* Reading direcotry object pointing top of the entry block to load */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT i, sz_ent;
    BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf; /* Pointer to the on-memory direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Load file-directory entry */
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }

    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILEDIR) {
        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
    }

    mem_cpy(dirb + 0 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    sz_ent = (dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;

    if (sz_ent < 3 * SZDIRE || sz_ent > 19 * SZDIRE) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }

    /* Load stream-extension entry */
    res = dir_next(dp, 0);

    if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
        res = FR_INT_ERR; /* It cannot be */
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }

    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }

    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_STREAM) {
        return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
    }

    mem_cpy(dirb + 1 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);

    if (MAXDIRB(dirb[XDIR_NumName]) > sz_ent) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }

    /* Load file-name entries */
    i = 2 * SZDIRE; /* Name offset to load */

    do {
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);

        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_INT_ERR; /* It cannot be */
        }

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }

        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }

        if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILENAME) {
            return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
        }

        if (i < MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
            mem_cpy(dirb + i, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
        }
    } while ((i += SZDIRE) < sz_ent);

    /* Sanity check (do it for only accessible object) */
    if (i <= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
        if (xdir_sum(dirb) != ld_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum)) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;
        }
    }

    return FR_OK;
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Initialize object allocation info with loaded entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void init_alloc_info(
    FATFS *fs,   /* Filesystem object */
    FFOBJID *obj /* Object allocation information to be initialized */
)
{
    obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);   /* Start cluster */
    obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize); /* Size */
    obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;           /* Allocation status */
    obj->n_frag = 0;                                     /* No last fragment info */
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY || FF_FS_RPATH != 0
/*------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Load the object's directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_obj_xdir(
    DIR *dp,           /* Blank directory object to be used to access containing direcotry */
    const FFOBJID *obj /* Object with its containing directory information */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    /* Open object containing directory */
    dp->obj.fs = obj->fs;
    dp->obj.sclust = obj->c_scl;
    dp->obj.stat = (BYTE)obj->c_size;
    dp->obj.objsize = obj->c_size & 0xFFFFFF00;
    dp->obj.n_frag = 0;
    dp->blk_ofs = obj->c_ofs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto object's entry block */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = load_xdir(dp); /* Load the object's entry block */
    }

    return res;
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*----------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Store the directory entry block */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT store_xdir(
    DIR *dp /* Pointer to the direcotry object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT nent;
    BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf; /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Create set sum */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum, xdir_sum(dirb));
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

    /* Store the direcotry entry block to the directory */
    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);

    while (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }

        mem_cpy(dp->dir, dirb, SZDIRE);
        dp->obj.fs->wflag = 1;

        if (--nent == 0) {
            break;
        }

        dirb += SZDIRE;
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    }

    return (res == FR_OK || res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? res : FR_INT_ERR;
}

/*-------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Create a new directory enrty block */
/*-------------------------------------------*/

static void create_xdir(
    BYTE *dirb,      /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block buffer */
    const WCHAR *lfn /* Pointer to the object name */
)
{
    UINT i;
    BYTE nc1, nlen;
    WCHAR wc;

    /* Create file-directory and stream-extension entry */
    mem_set(dirb, 0, 2 * SZDIRE);
    dirb[0 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_FILEDIR;
    dirb[1 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_STREAM;

    /* Create file-name entries */
    i = SZDIRE * 2; /* Top of file_name entries */
    nlen = nc1 = 0;
    wc = 1;

    do {
        dirb[i++] = ET_FILENAME;
        dirb[i++] = 0;

        do /* Fill name field */
        {
            if (wc != 0 && (wc = lfn[nlen]) != 0) {
                nlen++; /* Get a character if exist */
            }

            st_word(dirb + i, wc); /* Store it */
            i += 2;
        } while (i % SZDIRE != 0);

        nc1++;
    } while (lfn[nlen]); /* Fill next entry if any char follows */

    dirb[XDIR_NumName] = nlen;                     /* Set name length */
    dirb[XDIR_NumSec] = 1 + nc1;                   /* Set secondary count (C0 + C1s) */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_NameHash, xname_sum(lfn)); /* Set name hash */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read an object from the directory                                     */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define DIR_READ_FILE(dp)  dir_read(dp, 0)
#define DIR_READ_LABEL(dp) dir_read(dp, 1)

static FRESULT dir_read(
    DIR *dp, /* Pointer to the directory object */
    int vol  /* Filtered by 0:file/directory or 1:volume label */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_NO_FILE;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE attr, b;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE ord = 0xFF, sum = 0xFF;
#endif

    while (dp->sect) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }

        b = dp->dir[DIR_Name]; /* Test for the entry type */

        if (b == 0) {
            res = FR_NO_FILE;
            break; /* Reached to end of the directory */
        }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* On the exFAT volume */
        {
            if (FF_USE_LABEL && vol) {
                if (b == ET_VLABEL) {
                    break; /* Volume label entry? */
                }
            } else {
                if (b == ET_FILEDIR) /* Start of the file entry block? */
                {
                    dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Get location of the block */
                    res = load_xdir(dp);    /* Load the entry block */

                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dp->obj.attr = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
                    }

                    break;
                }
            }
        } else
#endif
        {
            /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
            dp->obj.attr = attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */

            if (b == DDEM || b == '.' || (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) != vol) /* An entry without valid data */
            {
                ord = 0xFF;
            } else {
                if (attr == AM_LFN) /* An LFN entry is found */
                {
                    if (b & LLEF) /* Is it start of an LFN sequence? */
                    {
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        b &= (BYTE)~LLEF;
                        ord = b;
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;
                    }

                    /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
                    ord = (b == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && pick_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                } else /* An SFN entry is found */
                {
                    if (ord != 0 || sum != sum_sfn(dp->dir)) /* Is there a valid LFN? */
                    {
                        dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* It has no LFN. */
                    }

                    break;
                }
            }

#else /* Non LFN configuration */

            if (b != DDEM && b != '.' && attr != AM_LFN && (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) == vol) /* Is it a valid entry? */
            {
                break;
            }

#endif
        }

        res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        dp->sect = 0; /* Terminate the read operation on error or EOT */
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Find an object in the directory                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_find(        /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
                        DIR *dp /* Pointer to the directory object with the file name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE c;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE a, ord, sum;
#endif

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind directory object */

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* On the exFAT volume */
    {
        BYTE nc;
        UINT di, ni;
        WORD hash = xname_sum(fs->lfnbuf); /* Hash value of the name to find */

        while ((res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp)) == FR_OK) /* Read an item */
        {
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 255

            if (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] > FF_MAX_LFN) {
                continue; /* Skip comparison if inaccessible object name */
            }

#endif

            if (ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash) != hash) {
                continue; /* Skip comparison if hash mismatched */
            }

            for (nc = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName], di = SZDIRE * 2, ni = 0; nc; nc--, di += 2, ni++) /* Compare the name */
            {
                if ((di % SZDIRE) == 0) {
                    di += 2;
                }

                if (ff_wtoupper(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + di)) != ff_wtoupper(fs->lfnbuf[ni])) {
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (nc == 0 && !fs->lfnbuf[ni]) {
                break; /* Name matched? */
            }
        }

        return res;
    }

#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    ord = sum = 0xFF;
    dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
#endif

    do {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }

        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];

        if (c == 0) {
            res = FR_NO_FILE; /* Reached to end of table */
            break;
        }

#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;

        if (c == DDEM || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) /* An entry without valid data */
        {
            ord = 0xFF;
            dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
        } else {
            if (a == AM_LFN) /* An LFN entry is found */
            {
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NOLFN)) {
                    if (c & LLEF) /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                    {
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF;
                        ord = c;                /* LFN start order */
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Start offset of LFN */
                    }

                    /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && cmp_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                }
            } else /* An SFN entry is found */
            {
                if (ord == 0 && sum == sum_sfn(dp->dir)) {
                    break; /* LFN matched? */
                }

                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) {
                    break; /* SFN matched? */
                }

                ord = 0xFF;
                dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
            }
        }

#else /* Non LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;

        if (!(dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) {
            break; /* Is it a valid entry? */
        }

#endif
        res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
    } while (res == FR_OK);

    return res;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Register an object to the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_register(        /* FR_OK:succeeded, FR_DENIED:no free entry or too many SFN collision, FR_DISK_ERR:disk error */
                            DIR *dp /* Target directory with object name to be created */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
    UINT n, nlen, nent;
    BYTE sn[12], sum;

    if (dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)) {
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check name validity */
    }

    for (nlen = 0; fs->lfnbuf[nlen]; nlen++)
        ; /* Get lfn length */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* On the exFAT volume */
    {
        nent = (nlen + 14) / 15 + 2; /* Number of entries to allocate (85+C0+C1s) */
        res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);   /* Allocate directory entries */

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }

        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr - SZDIRE * (nent - 1); /* Set the allocated entry block offset */

        if (dp->obj.stat & 4) /* Has the directory been stretched by new allocation? */
        {
            dp->obj.stat &= ~4;
            res = fill_first_frag(&dp->obj); /* Fill the first fragment on the FAT if needed */

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }

            res = fill_last_frag(&dp->obj, dp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Fill the last fragment on the FAT if needed */

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }

            if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) /* Is it a sub-directory? */
            {
                DIR dj;

                res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj); /* Load the object status */

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    return res;
                }

                dp->obj.objsize += (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Increase the directory size by cluster size */
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = dp->obj.stat | 1; /* Update the allocation status */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);                        /* Store the object status */

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    return res;
                }
            }
        }

        create_xdir(fs->dirbuf, fs->lfnbuf); /* Create on-memory directory block to be written later */
        return FR_OK;
    }

#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
    mem_cpy(sn, dp->fn, 12);

    if (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) /* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
    {
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NOLFN; /* Find only SFN */

        for (n = 1; n < 100; n++) {
            gen_numname(dp->fn, sn, fs->lfnbuf, n); /* Generate a numbered name */
            res = dir_find(dp);                     /* Check if the name collides with existing SFN */

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
        }

        if (n == 100) {
            return FR_DENIED; /* Abort if too many collisions */
        }

        if (res != FR_NO_FILE) {
            return res; /* Abort if the result is other than 'not collided' */
        }

        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = sn[NSFLAG];
    }

    /* Create an SFN with/without LFNs. */
    nent = (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LFN) ? (nlen + 12) / 13 + 1 : 1; /* Number of entries to allocate */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);                               /* Allocate entries */

    if (res == FR_OK && --nent) /* Set LFN entry if needed */
    {
        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->dptr - nent * SZDIRE);

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            sum = sum_sfn(dp->fn); /* Checksum value of the SFN tied to the LFN */

            do /* Store LFN entries in bottom first */
            {
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                put_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir, (BYTE)nent, sum);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
            } while (res == FR_OK && --nent);
        }
    }

#else /* Non LFN configuration */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, 1); /* Allocate an entry for SFN */

#endif

    /* Set SFN entry */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mem_set(dp->dir, 0, SZDIRE);             /* Clean the entry */
            mem_cpy(dp->dir + DIR_Name, dp->fn, 11); /* Put SFN */
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dp->dir[DIR_NTres] = dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT); /* Put NT flag */
#endif
            fs->wflag = 1;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remove an object from the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_remove(        /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_DISK_ERR:A disk error */
                          DIR *dp /* Directory object pointing the entry to be removed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
    DWORD last = dp->dptr;

    res = (dp->blk_ofs == 0xFFFFFFFF) ? FR_OK : dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto top of the entry block if LFN is exist */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }

            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* On the exFAT volume */
            {
                dp->dir[XDIR_Type] &= 0x7F; /* Clear the entry InUse flag. */
            } else                          /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
            {
                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM; /* Mark the entry 'deleted'. */
            }

            fs->wflag = 1;

            if (dp->dptr >= last) {
                break; /* If reached last entry then all entries of the object has been deleted. */
            }

            res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Next entry */
        } while (res == FR_OK);

        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_INT_ERR;
        }
    }

#else /* Non LFN configuration */

    res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM; /* Mark the entry 'deleted'.*/
        fs->wflag = 1;
    }

#endif

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get file information from directory entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_fileinfo(
    DIR *dp,     /* Pointer to the directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
)
{
    UINT si, di;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE lcf;
    WCHAR wc, hs;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#else
    TCHAR c;
#endif

    fno->fname[0] = 0; /* Invaidate file info */

    if (dp->sect == 0) {
        return; /* Exit if read pointer has reached end of directory */
    }

#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* On the exFAT volume */
    {
        get_xfileinfo(fs->dirbuf, fno);
        return;
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        if (dp->blk_ofs != 0xFFFFFFFF) /* Get LFN if available */
        {
            si = di = hs = 0;

            while (fs->lfnbuf[si] != 0) {
                wc = fs->lfnbuf[si++]; /* Get an LFN character (UTF-16) */

                if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) /* Is it a surrogate? */
                {
                    hs = wc;
                    continue; /* Get low surrogate */
                }

                wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di); /* Store it in UTF-16 or UTF-8 encoding */

                if (wc == 0) {
                    di = 0; /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
                    break;
                }

                di += wc;
                hs = 0;
            }

            if (hs != 0) {
                di = 0; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            }

            fno->fname[di] = 0; /* Terminate the LFN (null string means LFN is invalid) */
        }
    }

    si = di = 0;

    while (si < 11) /* Get SFN from SFN entry */
    {
        wc = dp->dir[si++]; /* Get a char */

        if (wc == ' ') {
            continue; /* Skip padding spaces */
        }

        if (wc == RDDEM) {
            wc = DDEM; /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        }

        if (si == 9 && di < FF_SFN_BUF) {
            fno->altname[di++] = '.'; /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        }

#if FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 /* Unicode output */

        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si != 8 && si != 11 && dbc_2nd(dp->dir[si])) /* Make a DBC if needed */
        {
            wc = wc << 8 | dp->dir[si++];
        }

        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE); /* ANSI/OEM -> Unicode */

        if (wc == 0) {
            di = 0; /* Wrong char in the current code page? */
            break;
        }

        wc = put_utf(wc, &fno->altname[di], FF_SFN_BUF - di); /* Store it in Unicode */

        if (wc == 0) {
            di = 0; /* Buffer overflow? */
            break;
        }

        di += wc;
#else /* ANSI/OEM output */
        fno->altname[di++] = (TCHAR)wc; /* Store it without any conversion */
#endif
    }

    fno->altname[di] = 0; /* Terminate the SFN  (null string means SFN is invalid) */

    if (fno->fname[0] == 0) /* If LFN is invalid, altname[] needs to be copied to fname[] */
    {
        if (di == 0) /* If LFN and SFN both are invalid, this object is inaccesible */
        {
            fno->fname[di++] = '?';
        } else {
            for (si = di = 0, lcf = NS_BODY; fno->altname[si]; si++, di++) /* Copy altname[] to fname[] with case information */
            {
                wc = (WCHAR)fno->altname[si];

                if (wc == '.') {
                    lcf = NS_EXT;
                }

                if (IsUpper(wc) && (dp->dir[DIR_NTres] & lcf)) {
                    wc += 0x20;
                }

                fno->fname[di] = (TCHAR)wc;
            }
        }

        fno->fname[di] = 0; /* Terminate the LFN */

        if (!dp->dir[DIR_NTres]) {
            fno->altname[0] = 0; /* Altname is not needed if neither LFN nor case info is exist. */
        }
    }

#else /* Non-LFN configuration */
    si = di = 0;

    while (si < 11) /* Copy name body and extension */
    {
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[si++];

        if (c == ' ') {
            continue; /* Skip padding spaces */
        }

        if (c == RDDEM) {
            c = DDEM; /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        }

        if (si == 9) {
            fno->fname[di++] = '.'; /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        }

        fno->fname[di++] = c;
    }

    fno->fname[di] = 0;
#endif

    fno->fattrib = dp->dir[DIR_Attr];                /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_FileSize);   /* Size */
    fno->ftime = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 0); /* Time */
    fno->fdate = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 2); /* Date */
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */

#if FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pattern matching                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD get_achar(                  /* Get a character and advances ptr */
                       const TCHAR **ptr /* Pointer to pointer to the ANSI/OEM or Unicode string */
)
{
    DWORD chr;

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 /* Unicode input */
    chr = tchar2uni(ptr);

    if (chr == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
        chr = 0; /* Wrong UTF encoding is recognized as end of the string */
    }

    chr = ff_wtoupper(chr);

#else /* ANSI/OEM input */
    chr = (BYTE) * (*ptr)++; /* Get a byte */

    if (IsLower(chr)) {
        chr -= 0x20; /* To upper ASCII char */
    }

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0

    if (ExCvt && chr >= 0x80) {
        chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80]; /* To upper SBCS extended char */
    }

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900

    if (chr >= 0x80) {
        chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80]; /* To upper SBCS extended char */
    }

#endif
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 || FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900

    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)chr)) /* Get DBC 2nd byte if needed */
    {
        chr = dbc_2nd((BYTE) * *ptr) ? chr << 8 | (BYTE) * (*ptr)++ : 0;
    }

#endif

#endif
    return chr;
}

static int pattern_matching(                  /* 0:not matched, 1:matched */
                            const TCHAR *pat, /* Matching pattern */
                            const TCHAR *nam, /* String to be tested */
                            int skip,         /* Number of pre-skip chars (number of ?s) */
                            int inf           /* Infinite search (* specified) */
)
{
    const TCHAR *pp, *np;
    DWORD pc, nc;
    int nm, nx;

    while (skip--) /* Pre-skip name chars */
    {
        if (!get_achar(&nam)) {
            return 0; /* Branch mismatched if less name chars */
        }
    }

    if (*pat == 0 && inf) {
        return 1; /* (short circuit) */
    }

    do {
        pp = pat;
        np = nam; /* Top of pattern and name to match */

        for (;;) {
            if (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*') /* Wildcard? */
            {
                nm = nx = 0;

                do /* Analyze the wildcard block */
                {
                    if (*pp++ == '?') {
                        nm++;
                    } else {
                        nx = 1;
                    }
                } while (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*');

                if (pattern_matching(pp, np, nm, nx)) {
                    return 1; /* Test new branch (recurs upto number of wildcard blocks in the pattern) */
                }

                nc = *np;
                break; /* Branch mismatched */
            }

            pc = get_achar(&pp); /* Get a pattern char */
            nc = get_achar(&np); /* Get a name char */

            if (pc != nc) {
                break; /* Branch mismatched? */
            }

            if (pc == 0) {
                return 1; /* Branch matched? (matched at end of both strings) */
            }
        }

        get_achar(&nam); /* nam++ */
    } while (inf && nc); /* Retry until end of name if infinite search is specified */

    return 0;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pick a top segment and create the object name in directory form       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT create_name(                   /* FR_OK: successful, FR_INVALID_NAME: could not create */
                           DIR *dp,           /* Pointer to the directory object */
                           const TCHAR **path /* Pointer to pointer to the segment in the path string */
)
{
#if FF_USE_LFN /* LFN configuration */
    BYTE b, cf;
    WCHAR wc, *lfn;
    DWORD uc;
    UINT i, ni, si, di;
    const TCHAR *p;

    /* Create LFN into LFN working buffer */
    p = *path;
    lfn = dp->obj.fs->lfnbuf;
    di = 0;

    for (;;) {
        uc = tchar2uni(&p); /* Get a character */

        if (uc == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Invalid code or UTF decode error */
        }

        if (uc >= 0x10000) {
            lfn[di++] = (WCHAR)(uc >> 16); /* Store high surrogate if needed */
        }

        wc = (WCHAR)uc;

        if (wc < ' ' || wc == '/' || wc == '\\') {
            break; /* Break if end of the path or a separator is found */
        }

        if (wc < 0x80 && chk_chr("\"*:<>\?|\x7F", wc)) {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject illegal characters for LFN */
        }

        if (di >= FF_MAX_LFN) {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject too long name */
        }

        lfn[di++] = wc; /* Store the Unicode character */
    }

    if (wc < ' ') /* End of path? */
    {
        cf = NS_LAST; /* Set last segment flag */
    } else {
        cf = 0; /* Next segment follows */

        while (*p == '/' || *p == '\\') {
            p++; /* Skip duplicated separators if exist */
        }
    }

    *path = p; /* Return pointer to the next segment */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0

    if ((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') ||
        (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.')) /* Is this segment a dot name? */
    {
        lfn[di] = 0;

        for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) /* Create dot name for SFN entry */
        {
            dp->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
        }

        dp->fn[i] = cf | NS_DOT; /* This is a dot entry */
        return FR_OK;
    }

#endif

    while (di) /* Snip off trailing spaces and dots if exist */
    {
        wc = lfn[di - 1];

        if (wc != ' ' && wc != '.') {
            break;
        }

        di--;
    }

    lfn[di] = 0; /* LFN is created into the working buffer */

    if (di == 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject null name */
    }

    /* Create SFN in directory form */
    for (si = 0; lfn[si] == ' '; si++)
        ; /* Remove leading spaces */

    if (si > 0 || lfn[si] == '.') {
        cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Is there any leading space or dot? */
    }

    while (di > 0 && lfn[di - 1] != '.') {
        di--; /* Find last dot (di<=si: no extension) */
    }

    mem_set(dp->fn, ' ', 11);
    i = b = 0;
    ni = 8;

    for (;;) {
        wc = lfn[si++]; /* Get an LFN character */

        if (wc == 0) {
            break; /* Break on end of the LFN */
        }

        if (wc == ' ' || (wc == '.' && si != di)) /* Remove embedded spaces and dots */
        {
            cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
            continue;
        }

        if (i >= ni || si == di) /* End of field? */
        {
            if (ni == 11) /* Name extension overflow? */
            {
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                break;
            }

            if (si != di) {
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Name body overflow? */
            }

            if (si > di) {
                break; /* No name extension? */
            }

            si = di;
            i = 8;
            ni = 11;
            b <<= 2; /* Enter name extension */
            continue;
        }

        if (wc >= 0x80) /* Is this a non-ASCII character? */
        {
            cf |= NS_LFN; /* LFN entry needs to be created */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0

            if (ExCvt) /* At SBCS */
            {
                wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */

                if (wc & 0x80) {
                    wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F]; /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
                }
            } else /* At DBCS */
            {
                wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> Upper convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
            }

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900 /* SBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */

            if (wc & 0x80) {
                wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F]; /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
            }

#else /* DBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> Upper convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
#endif
        }

        if (wc >= 0x100) /* Is this a DBC? */
        {
            if (i >= ni - 1) /* Field overflow? */
            {
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                i = ni;
                continue; /* Next field */
            }

            dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8); /* Put 1st byte */
        } else                             /* SBC */
        {
            if (wc == 0 || chk_chr("+,;=[]", wc)) /* Replace illegal characters for SFN if needed */
            {
                wc = '_';
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; /* Lossy conversion */
            } else {
                if (IsUpper(wc)) /* ASCII upper case? */
                {
                    b |= 2;
                }

                if (IsLower(wc)) /* ASCII lower case? */
                {
                    b |= 1;
                    wc -= 0x20;
                }
            }
        }

        dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
    }

    if (dp->fn[0] == DDEM) {
        dp->fn[0] = RDDEM; /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    }

    if (ni == 8) {
        b <<= 2; /* Shift capital flags if no extension */
    }

    if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03) {
        cf |= NS_LFN; /* LFN entry needs to be created if composite capitals */
    }

    if (!(cf & NS_LFN)) /* When LFN is in 8.3 format without extended character, NT flags are created */
    {
        if (b & 0x01) {
            cf |= NS_EXT; /* NT flag (Extension has small capital letters only) */
        }

        if (b & 0x04) {
            cf |= NS_BODY; /* NT flag (Body has small capital letters only) */
        }
    }

    dp->fn[NSFLAG] = cf; /* SFN is created into dp->fn[] */

    return FR_OK;

#else /* FF_USE_LFN : Non-LFN configuration */
    BYTE c, d, *sfn;
    UINT ni, si, i;
    const char *p;

    /* Create file name in directory form */
    p = *path;
    sfn = dp->fn;
    mem_set(sfn, ' ', 11);
    si = i = 0;
    ni = 8;
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0

    if (p[si] == '.') /* Is this a dot entry? */
    {
        for (;;) {
            c = (BYTE)p[si++];

            if (c != '.' || si >= 3) {
                break;
            }

            sfn[i++] = c;
        }

        if (c != '/' && c != '\\' && c > ' ') {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }

        *path = p + si;                                       /* Return pointer to the next segment */
        sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST | NS_DOT : NS_DOT; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
        return FR_OK;
    }

#endif

    for (;;) {
        c = (BYTE)p[si++]; /* Get a byte */

        if (c <= ' ') {
            break; /* Break if end of the path name */
        }

        if (c == '/' || c == '\\') /* Break if a separator is found */
        {
            while (p[si] == '/' || p[si] == '\\') {
                si++; /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            }

            break;
        }

        if (c == '.' || i >= ni) /* End of body or field overflow? */
        {
            if (ni == 11 || c != '.') {
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Field overflow or invalid dot? */
            }

            i = 8;
            ni = 11; /* Enter file extension field */
            continue;
        }

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0

        if (ExCvt && c >= 0x80) /* Is SBC extended character? */
        {
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F]; /* To upper SBC extended character */
        }

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900

        if (c >= 0x80) /* Is SBC extended character? */
        {
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F]; /* To upper SBC extended character */
        }

#endif

        if (dbc_1st(c)) /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte */
        {
            d = (BYTE)p[si++]; /* Get 2nd byte */

            if (!dbc_2nd(d) || i >= ni - 1) {
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid DBC */
            }

            sfn[i++] = c;
            sfn[i++] = d;
        } else /* SBC */
        {
            if (chk_chr("\"*+,:;<=>\?[]|\x7F", c)) {
                return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
            }

            if (IsLower(c)) {
                c -= 0x20; /* To upper */
            }

            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
    }

    *path = p + si; /* Return pointer to the next segment */

    if (i == 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject nul string */
    }

    if (sfn[0] == DDEM) {
        sfn[0] = RDDEM; /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    }

    sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0; /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */

    return FR_OK;
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Follow a file path                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT follow_path(                  /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
                           DIR *dp,          /* Directory object to return last directory and found object */
                           const TCHAR *path /* Full-path string to find a file or directory */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    BYTE ns;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0

    if (*path != '/' && *path != '\\') /* Without heading separator */
    {
        dp->obj.sclust = fs->cdir; /* Start from current directory */
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* With heading separator */
        while (*path == '/' || *path == '\\') {
            path++; /* Strip heading separator */
        }

        dp->obj.sclust = 0; /* Start from root directory */
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    dp->obj.n_frag = 0; /* Invalidate last fragment counter of the object */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && dp->obj.sclust) /* exFAT: Retrieve the sub-directory's status */
    {
        DIR dj;

        dp->obj.c_scl = fs->cdc_scl;
        dp->obj.c_size = fs->cdc_size;
        dp->obj.c_ofs = fs->cdc_ofs;
        res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj);

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }

        dp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
        dp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
    }

#endif
#endif

    if ((UINT)*path < ' ') /* Null path name is the origin directory itself */
    {
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);

    } else /* Follow path */
    {
        for (;;) {
            res = create_name(dp, &path); /* Get a segment name of the path */

            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }

            res = dir_find(dp); /* Find an object with the segment name */
            ns = dp->fn[NSFLAG];

            if (res != FR_OK) /* Failed to find the object */
            {
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) /* Object is not found */
                {
                    if (FF_FS_RPATH && (ns & NS_DOT)) /* If dot entry is not exist, stay there */
                    {
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) {
                            continue; /* Continue to follow if not last segment */
                        }

                        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                        res = FR_OK;
                    } else /* Could not find the object */
                    {
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) {
                            res = FR_NO_PATH; /* Adjust error code if not last segment */
                        }
                    }
                }

                break;
            }

            if (ns & NS_LAST) {
                break; /* Last segment matched. Function completed. */
            }

            /* Get into the sub-directory */
            if (!(dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR)) /* It is not a sub-directory and cannot follow */
            {
                res = FR_NO_PATH;
                break;
            }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* Save containing directory information for next dir */
            {
                dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust;
                dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj); /* Open next directory */
            } else
#endif
            {
                dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, fs->win + dp->dptr % SS(fs)); /* Open next directory */
            }
        }
    }

    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get logical drive number from path name                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static int get_ldnumber(                   /* Returns logical drive number (-1:invalid drive number or null pointer) */
                        const TCHAR **path /* Pointer to pointer to the path name */
)
{
    const TCHAR *tp, *tt;
    TCHAR tc;
    int i, vol = -1;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID /* Find string volume ID */
    const char *sp;
    char c;
#endif

    tt = tp = *path;

    if (!tp) {
        return vol; /* Invalid path name? */
    }

    do {
        tc = *tt++;
    } while ((UINT)tc >= (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!') && tc != ':'); /* Find a colon in the path */

    if (tc == ':') /* DOS/Windows style volume ID? */
    {
        i = FF_VOLUMES;

        if (IsDigit(*tp) && tp + 2 == tt) /* Is there a numeric volume ID + colon? */
        {
            i = (int)*tp - '0'; /* Get the LD number */
        }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1 /* Arbitrary string is enabled */
        else {
            i = 0;

            do {
                sp = VolumeStr[i];
                tp = *path; /* This string volume ID and path name */

                do /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                {
                    c = *sp++;
                    tc = *tp++;

                    if (IsLower(c)) {
                        c -= 0x20;
                    }

                    if (IsLower(tc)) {
                        tc -= 0x20;
                    }
                } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
            } while ((c || tp != tt) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES); /* Repeat for each id until pattern match */
        }

#endif

        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
        {
            vol = i;    /* Drive number */
            *path = tt; /* Snip the drive prefix off */
        }

        return vol;
    }

#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2 /* Unix style volume ID is enabled */

    if (*tp == '/') {
        i = 0;

        do {
            sp = VolumeStr[i];
            tp = *path; /* This string volume ID and path name */

            do /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
            {
                c = *sp++;
                tc = *(++tp);

                if (IsLower(c)) {
                    c -= 0x20;
                }

                if (IsLower(tc)) {
                    tc -= 0x20;
                }
            } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
        } while ((c || (tc != '/' && (UINT)tc >= (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!'))) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES); /* Repeat for each ID until pattern match */

        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
        {
            vol = i;    /* Drive number */
            *path = tp; /* Snip the drive prefix off */
            return vol;
        }
    }

#endif
    /* No drive prefix is found */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    vol = CurrVol; /* Default drive is current drive */
#else
    vol = 0; /* Default drive is 0 */
#endif
    return vol; /* Return the default drive */
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* GPT support functions                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_LBA64

/* Calculate CRC32 in byte-by-byte */

static DWORD crc32(           /* Returns next CRC value */
                   DWORD crc, /* Current CRC value */
                   BYTE d     /* A byte to be processed */
)
{
    BYTE b;

    for (b = 1; b; b <<= 1) {
        crc ^= (d & b) ? 1 : 0;
        crc = (crc & 1) ? crc >> 1 ^ 0xEDB88320 : crc >> 1;
    }

    return crc;
}

/* Check validity of GPT header */

static int test_gpt_header(                 /* 0:Invalid, 1:Valid */
                           const BYTE *gpth /* Pointer to the GPT header */
)
{
    UINT i;
    DWORD bcc;

    if (mem_cmp(gpth + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART"
                                  "\0\0\1\0"
                                  "\x5C\0\0",
                16)) {
        return 0; /* Check sign, version (1.0) and length (92) */
    }

    for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; i++) /* Check header BCC */
    {
        bcc = crc32(bcc, i - GPTH_Bcc < 4 ? 0 : gpth[i]);
    }

    if (~bcc != ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_Bcc)) {
        return 0;
    }

    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PteSize) != SZ_GPTE) {
        return 0; /* Table entry size (must be SZ_GPTE bytes) */
    }

    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PtNum) > 128) {
        return 0; /* Table size (must be 128 entries or less) */
    }

    return 1;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS

/* Generate random value */
static DWORD make_rand(
    DWORD seed, /* Seed value */
    BYTE *buff, /* Output buffer */
    UINT n      /* Data length */
)
{
    UINT r;

    if (seed == 0) {
        seed = 1;
    }

    do {
        for (r = 0; r < 8; r++) {
            seed = seed & 1 ? seed >> 1 ^ 0xA3000000 : seed >> 1; /* Shift 8 bits the 32-bit LFSR */
        }

        *buff++ = (BYTE)seed;
    } while (--n);

    return seed;
}

#endif
#endif

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT VBR                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Check what the sector is */

static UINT check_fs(           /* 0:FAT VBR, 1:exFAT VBR, 2:Valid BS but not FAT, 3:Invalid BS, 4:Disk error */
                     FATFS *fs, /* Filesystem object */
                     LBA_t sect /* Sector to load and check if it is an FAT-VBR or not */
)
{
    fs->wflag = 0;
    fs->winsect = (LBA_t)0 - 1; /* Invaidate window */

    if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) {
        return 4; /* Load the boot sector */
    }

    if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) {
        return 3; /* Check boot signature (always here regardless of the sector size) */
    }

    if (FF_FS_EXFAT && !mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90"
                                                      "EXFAT   ",
                                11)) {
        return 1; /* Check if exFAT VBR */
    }

    if (fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE9 || fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xEB || fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE8) /* Valid JumpBoot code? */
    {
        if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType, "FAT", 3)) {
            return 0; /* Is it an FAT VBR? */
        }

        if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType32, "FAT32", 5)) {
            return 0; /* Is it an FAT32 VBR? */
        }
    }

    return 2; /* Valid BS but not FAT */
}

/* Find an FAT volume */
/* (It supports only generic partitioning rules, MBR, GPT and SFD) */

static UINT find_volume(           /* Returns BS status found in the hosting drive */
                        FATFS *fs, /* Filesystem object */
                        UINT part  /* Partition to fined = 0:auto, 1..:forced */
)
{
    UINT fmt, i;
    DWORD mbr_pt[4];

    fmt = check_fs(fs, 0); /* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT VBR as SFD */

    if (fmt != 2 && (fmt >= 3 || part == 0)) {
        return fmt; /* Returns if it is a FAT VBR as auto scan, not a BS or disk error */
    }

    /* Sector 0 is not an FAT VBR or forced partition number wants a partition */

#if FF_LBA64

    if (fs->win[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) /* GPT protective MBR? */
    {
        DWORD n_ent, v_ent, ofs;
        QWORD pt_lba;

        if (move_window(fs, 1) != FR_OK) {
            return 4; /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
        }

        if (!test_gpt_header(fs->win)) {
            return 3; /* Check if GPT header is valid */
        }

        n_ent = ld_dword(fs->win + GPTH_PtNum);  /* Number of entries */
        pt_lba = ld_qword(fs->win + GPTH_PtOfs); /* Table location */

        for (v_ent = i = 0; i < n_ent; i++) /* Find FAT partition */
        {
            if (move_window(fs, pt_lba + i * SZ_GPTE / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) {
                return 4; /* PT sector */
            }

            ofs = i * SZ_GPTE % SS(fs); /* Offset in the sector */

            if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16)) /* MS basic data partition? */
            {
                v_ent++;
                fmt = check_fs(fs, ld_qword(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_FstLba)); /* Load VBR and check status */

                if (part == 0 && fmt <= 1) {
                    return fmt; /* Auto search (valid FAT volume found first) */
                }

                if (part != 0 && v_ent == part) {
                    return fmt; /* Forced partition order (regardless of it is valid or not) */
                }
            }
        }

        return 3; /* Not found */
    }

#endif

    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && part > 4) {
        return 3; /* MBR has 4 partitions max */
    }

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) /* Load partition offset in the MBR */
    {
        mbr_pt[i] = ld_dword(fs->win + MBR_Table + i * SZ_PTE + PTE_StLba);
    }

    i = part ? part - 1 : 0; /* Table index to find first */

    do /* Find an FAT volume */
    {
        fmt = mbr_pt[i] ? check_fs(fs, mbr_pt[i]) : 3; /* Check if the partition is FAT */
    } while (part == 0 && fmt >= 2 && ++i < 4);

    return fmt;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Determine logical drive number and mount the volume if needed         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT mount_volume(                    /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: an error occurred */
                            const TCHAR **path, /* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
                            FATFS **rfs,        /* Pointer to pointer to the found filesystem object */
                            BYTE mode           /* !=0: Check write protection for write access */
)
{
    int vol;
    DSTATUS stat;
    LBA_t bsect;
    DWORD tsect, sysect, fasize, nclst, szbfat;
    WORD nrsv;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT fmt;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    *rfs = 0;
    vol = get_ldnumber(path);

    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }

    /* Check if the filesystem object is valid or not */
    fs = FatFs[vol]; /* Get pointer to the filesystem object */

    if (!fs) {
        return FR_NOT_ENABLED; /* Is the filesystem object available? */
    }

#if FF_FS_REENTRANT

    if (!lock_fs(fs)) {
        return FR_TIMEOUT; /* Lock the volume */
    }

#endif
    *rfs = fs; /* Return pointer to the filesystem object */

    mode &= (BYTE)~FA_READ; /* Desired access mode, write access or not */

    if (fs->fs_type != 0) /* If the volume has been mounted */
    {
        stat = disk_status(fs->pdrv);

        if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) /* and the physical drive is kept initialized */
        {
            if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) /* Check write protection if needed */
            {
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
            }

            return FR_OK; /* The filesystem object is already valid */
        }
    }

    /* The filesystem object is not valid. */
    /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (find a FAT volume, analyze the BPB and initialize the filesystem object) */

    fs->fs_type = 0;                  /* Clear the filesystem object */
    fs->pdrv = LD2PD(vol);            /* Volume hosting physical drive */
    stat = disk_initialize(fs->pdrv); /* Initialize the physical drive */

    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) /* Check if the initialization succeeded */
    {
        return FR_NOT_READY; /* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
    }

    if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) /* Check disk write protection if needed */
    {
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }

#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS /* Get sector size (multiple sector size cfg only) */

    if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

    if (SS(fs) > FF_MAX_SS || SS(fs) < FF_MIN_SS || (SS(fs) & (SS(fs) - 1))) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

#endif

    /* Find an FAT volume on the drive */
    fmt = find_volume(fs, LD2PT(vol));

    if (fmt == 4) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR; /* An error occured in the disk I/O layer */
    }

    if (fmt >= 2) {
        return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* No FAT volume is found */
    }

    bsect = fs->winsect; /* Volume location */

    /* An FAT volume is found (bsect). Following code initializes the filesystem object */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fmt == 1) {
        QWORD maxlba;
        DWORD so, cv, bcl, i;

        for (i = BPB_ZeroedEx; i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53 && fs->win[i] == 0; i++)
            ; /* Check zero filler */

        if (i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVerEx) != 0x100) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* Check exFAT version (must be version 1.0) */
        }

        if (1 << fs->win[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] != SS(fs)) /* (BPB_BytsPerSecEx must be equal to the physical sector size) */
        {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        maxlba = ld_qword(fs->win + BPB_TotSecEx) + bsect; /* Last LBA + 1 of the volume */

        if (!FF_LBA64 && maxlba >= 0x100000000) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (It cannot be handled in 32-bit LBA) */
        }

        fs->fsize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatSzEx); /* Number of sectors per FAT */

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATsEx]; /* Number of FATs */

        if (fs->n_fats != 1) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Supports only 1 FAT) */
        }

        fs->csize = 1 << fs->win[BPB_SecPerClusEx]; /* Cluster size */

        if (fs->csize == 0) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be 1..32768) */
        }

        nclst = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_NumClusEx); /* Number of clusters */

        if (nclst > MAX_EXFAT) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Too many clusters) */
        }

        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->volbase = bsect;
        fs->database = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_DataOfsEx);
        fs->fatbase = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatOfsEx);

        if (maxlba < (QWORD)fs->database + nclst * fs->csize) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Volume size must not be smaller than the size requiered) */
        }

        fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClusEx);

        /* Get bitmap location and check if it is contiguous (implementation assumption) */
        so = i = 0;

        for (;;) /* Find the bitmap entry in the root directory (in only first cluster) */
        {
            if (i == 0) {
                if (so >= fs->csize) {
                    return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* Not found? */
                }

                if (move_window(fs, clst2sect(fs, (DWORD)fs->dirbase) + so) != FR_OK) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;
                }

                so++;
            }

            if (fs->win[i] == ET_BITMAP) {
                break; /* Is it a bitmap entry? */
            }

            i = (i + SZDIRE) % SS(fs); /* Next entry */
        }

        bcl = ld_dword(fs->win + i + 20); /* Bitmap cluster */

        if (bcl < 2 || bcl >= fs->n_fatent) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        fs->bitbase = fs->database + fs->csize * (bcl - 2); /* Bitmap sector */

        for (;;) /* Check if bitmap is contiguous */
        {
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + bcl / (SS(fs) / 4)) != FR_OK) {
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            }

            cv = ld_dword(fs->win + bcl % (SS(fs) / 4) * 4);

            if (cv == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                break; /* Last link? */
            }

            if (cv != ++bcl) {
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* Fragmented? */
            }
        }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
#endif
        fmt = FS_EXFAT; /* FAT sub-type */
    } else
#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {
        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs)) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */
        }

        fasize = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16); /* Number of sectors per FAT */

        if (fasize == 0) {
            fasize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FATSz32);
        }

        fs->fsize = fasize;

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATs]; /* Number of FATs */

        if (fs->n_fats != 1 && fs->n_fats != 2) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be 1 or 2) */
        }

        fasize *= fs->n_fats; /* Number of sectors for FAT area */

        fs->csize = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus]; /* Cluster size */

        if (fs->csize == 0 || (fs->csize & (fs->csize - 1))) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be power of 2) */
        }

        fs->n_rootdir = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt); /* Number of root directory entries */

        if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZDIRE)) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be sector aligned) */
        }

        tsect = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16); /* Number of sectors on the volume */

        if (tsect == 0) {
            tsect = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32);
        }

        nrsv = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt); /* Number of reserved sectors */

        if (nrsv == 0) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must not be 0) */
        }

        /* Determine the FAT sub type */
        sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZDIRE); /* RSV + FAT + DIR */

        if (tsect < sysect) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Invalid volume size) */
        }

        nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize; /* Number of clusters */

        if (nclst == 0) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Invalid volume size) */
        }

        fmt = 0;

        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT32) {
            fmt = FS_FAT32;
        }

        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT16) {
            fmt = FS_FAT16;
        }

        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT12) {
            fmt = FS_FAT12;
        }

        if (fmt == 0) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;      /* Number of FAT entries */
        fs->volbase = bsect;           /* Volume start sector */
        fs->fatbase = bsect + nrsv;    /* FAT start sector */
        fs->database = bsect + sysect; /* Data start sector */

        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVer32) != 0) {
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be FAT32 revision 0.0) */
            }

            if (fs->n_rootdir != 0) {
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be 0) */
            }

            fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClus32); /* Root directory start cluster */
            szbfat = fs->n_fatent * 4;                        /* (Needed FAT size) */
        } else {
            if (fs->n_rootdir == 0) {
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must not be 0) */
            }

            fs->dirbase = fs->fatbase + fasize; /* Root directory start sector */
            szbfat = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?        /* (Needed FAT size) */
                         fs->n_fatent * 2 :
                         fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
        }

        if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs)) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than the size needed) */
        }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        /* Get FSInfo if available */
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
        fs->fsi_flag = 0x80;
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3

        if (fmt == FS_FAT32 /* Allow to update FSInfo only if BPB_FSInfo32 == 1 */
            && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSInfo32) == 1 && move_window(fs, bsect + 1) == FR_OK) {
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;

            if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) == 0xAA55 /* Load FSInfo data if available */
                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig) == 0x41615252 && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig) == 0x61417272) {
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 1) == 0
                fs->free_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count);
#endif
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 2) == 0
                fs->last_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free);
#endif
            }
        }

#endif /* (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3 */
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
    }

    fs->fs_type = (BYTE)fmt; /* FAT sub-type */
    fs->id = ++Fsid;         /* Volume mount ID */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
    fs->lfnbuf = LfnBuf; /* Static LFN working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    fs->dirbuf = DirBuf; /* Static directory block scratchpad buuffer */
#endif
#endif
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    fs->cdir = 0; /* Initialize current directory */
#endif
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0 /* Clear file lock semaphores */
    clear_lock(fs);
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Check if the file/directory object is valid or not                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT validate(              /* Returns FR_OK or FR_INVALID_OBJECT */
                        FFOBJID *obj, /* Pointer to the FFOBJID, the 1st member in the FIL/DIR object, to check validity */
                        FATFS **rfs   /* Pointer to pointer to the owner filesystem object to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_INVALID_OBJECT;

    if (obj && obj->fs && obj->fs->fs_type && obj->id == obj->fs->id) /* Test if the object is valid */
    {
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT

        if (lock_fs(obj->fs)) /* Obtain the filesystem object */
        {
            if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) /* Test if the phsical drive is kept initialized */
            {
                res = FR_OK;
            } else {
                unlock_fs(obj->fs, FR_OK);
            }
        } else {
            res = FR_TIMEOUT;
        }

#else

        if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) /* Test if the phsical drive is kept initialized */
        {
            res = FR_OK;
        }

#endif
    }

    *rfs = (res == FR_OK) ? obj->fs : 0; /* Corresponding filesystem object */
    return res;
}

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------

   Public Functions (FatFs API)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Mount/Unmount a Logical Drive                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mount(
    FATFS *fs,         /* Pointer to the filesystem object (NULL:unmount)*/
    const TCHAR *path, /* Logical drive number to be mounted/unmounted */
    BYTE opt           /* Mode option 0:Do not mount (delayed mount), 1:Mount immediately */
)
{
    FATFS *cfs;
    int vol;
    FRESULT res;
    const TCHAR *rp = path;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&rp);

    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }

    cfs = FatFs[vol]; /* Pointer to fs object */

    if (cfs) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        clear_lock(cfs);
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT /* Discard sync object of the current volume */

        if (!ff_del_syncobj(cfs->sobj)) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;
        }

#endif
        cfs->fs_type = 0; /* Clear old fs object */
    }

    if (fs) {
        fs->fs_type = 0; /* Clear new fs object */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT      /* Create sync object for the new volume */

        if (!ff_cre_syncobj((BYTE)vol, &fs->sobj)) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;
        }

#endif
    }

    FatFs[vol] = fs; /* Register new fs object */

    if (opt == 0) {
        return FR_OK; /* Do not mount now, it will be mounted later */
    }

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0); /* Force mounted the volume */
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Open or Create a File                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_open(
    FIL *fp,           /* Pointer to the blank file object */
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file name */
    BYTE mode          /* Access mode and file open mode flags */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    DWORD cl, bcs, clst;
    LBA_t sc;
    FSIZE_t ofs;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF

    if (!fp) {
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    }

    /* Get logical drive number */
    mode &= FF_FS_READONLY ? FA_READ : FA_READ | FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_APPEND;
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, mode);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY                   /* Read/Write configuration */

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) /* Origin directory itself? */
            {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            }
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            else {
                res = chk_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0); /* Check if the file can be used */
            }

#endif
        }

        /* Create or Open a file */
        if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
            if (res != FR_OK) /* No file, create new */
            {
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
                {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
                    res = enq_lock() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
#else
                    res = dir_register(&dj);
#endif
                }

                mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS; /* File is created */
            } else                        /* Any object with the same name is already existing */
            {
                if (dj.obj.attr & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR)) /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                {
                    res = FR_DENIED;
                } else {
                    if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW) {
                        res = FR_EXIST; /* Cannot create as new file */
                    }
                }
            }

            if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) /* Truncate the file if overwrite mode */
            {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    /* Get current allocation info */
                    fp->obj.fs = fs;
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
                    /* Set directory entry block initial state */
                    mem_set(fs->dirbuf + 2, 0, 30);  /* Clear 85 entry except for NumSec */
                    mem_set(fs->dirbuf + 38, 0, 26); /* Clear C0 entry except for NumName and NameHash */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME());
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 1;
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);

                    if (res == FR_OK && fp->obj.sclust != 0) /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                    {
                        res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                        fs->last_clst = fp->obj.sclust - 1; /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                    }
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* Set directory entry initial state */
                    cl = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                     /* Get current cluster chain */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME()); /* Set created time */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;                     /* Reset attribute */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, 0);                       /* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;

                    if (cl != 0) /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                    {
                        sc = fs->winsect;
                        res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, cl, 0);

                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sc);
                            fs->last_clst = cl - 1; /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else /* Open an existing file */
        {
            if (res == FR_OK) /* Is the object exsiting? */
            {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) /* File open against a directory */
                {
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                } else {
                    if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO)) /* Write mode open against R/O file */
                    {
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS) {
                mode |= FA_MODIFIED; /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
            }

            fp->dir_sect = fs->winsect; /* Pointer to the directory entry */
            fp->dir_ptr = dj.dir;
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            fp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0); /* Lock the file for this session */

            if (fp->obj.lockid == 0) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
            }

#endif
        }

#else /* R/O configuration */

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) /* Is it origin directory itself? */
            {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) /* Is it a directory? */
                {
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                }
            }
        }

#endif

        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fp->obj.c_scl = dj.obj.sclust; /* Get containing directory info */
                fp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                fp->obj.c_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Get object allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize);
            }

#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
            fp->cltbl = 0; /* Disable fast seek mode */
#endif
            fp->obj.fs = fs; /* Validate the file object */
            fp->obj.id = fs->id;
            fp->flag = mode; /* Set file access mode */
            fp->err = 0;     /* Clear error flag */
            fp->sect = 0;    /* Invalidate current data sector */
            fp->fptr = 0;    /* Set file pointer top of the file */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            mem_set(fp->buf, 0, sizeof fp->buf); /* Clear sector buffer */
#endif

            if ((mode & FA_SEEKEND) && fp->obj.objsize > 0) /* Seek to end of file if FA_OPEN_APPEND is specified */
            {
                fp->fptr = fp->obj.objsize;      /* Offset to seek */
                bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Cluster size in byte */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;           /* Follow the cluster chain */

                for (ofs = fp->obj.objsize; res == FR_OK && ofs > bcs; ofs -= bcs) {
                    clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);

                    if (clst <= 1) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    }

                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                    }
                }

                fp->clust = clst;

                if (res == FR_OK && ofs % SS(fs)) /* Fill sector buffer if not on the sector boundary */
                {
                    sc = clst2sect(fs, clst);

                    if (sc == 0) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    } else {
                        fp->sect = sc + (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
#if !FF_FS_TINY

                        if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        }

#endif
                    }
                }
            }

#endif
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object on error */
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if FF_FS_CONTINUOUS

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_read(
    FIL *fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
    void *buff, /* Pointer to data buffer */
    UINT btr,   /* Number of bytes to read */
    UINT *br    /* Pointer to number of bytes read */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, cc, cn, csect;
    BYTE *rbuff = (BYTE *)buff;

    clst = 0;
    *br = 0;                       /* Clear read byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    }

    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    }

    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;

    if (btr > remain) {
        btr = (UINT)remain; /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */
    }

    for (; btr; /* Repeat until btr bytes read */
         btr -= rcnt, *br += rcnt, rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) /* On the sector boundary? */
        {
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)); /* Sector offset in the cluster */

            if (csect == 0) /* On the cluster boundary? */
            {
                if (fp->fptr == 0) /* On the top of the file? */
                {
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                } else if(clst == 0)                    /* Middle or end of the file */
                {
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }

                if (clst < 2) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }

                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
            }

            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */

            if (sect == 0) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            }

            sect += csect;
            cn = btr / SS(fs); /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */

            if (cn > 0) /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
            {
                if (csect + cn > fs->csize) /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                {
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                    cn -= cc;

                    for(; ; ) {
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                        if (fp->cltbl) {
                            clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                        } else
#endif
                        {
                            clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                        }

                        if (clst < 2) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        }

                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }

                        if(clst == fp->clust + 1) { /* The sequence number of the cluster is continuous */
                            fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
                            clst = 0;
                            if(cn > fs->csize) {
                                cc += fs->csize;
                                cn -= fs->csize;
                            } else {
                                cc += cn;
                                break;
                            }
                        }else{
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    cc = cn;
                }

                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if FF_FS_TINY

                if (fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                }

#else

                if ((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                }

#endif
#endif
                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }

#if !FF_FS_TINY

            if (fp->sect != sect) /* Load data sector if not in cache */
            {
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

                if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                {
                    if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    }

                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }

#endif

                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
                }
            }

#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }

        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */

        if (rcnt > btr) {
            rcnt = btr; /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        }

#if FF_FS_TINY

        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        }

        mem_cpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#else
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_write(
    FIL *fp,          /* Pointer to the file object */
    const void *buff, /* Pointer to the data to be written */
    UINT btw,         /* Number of bytes to write */
    UINT *bw          /* Pointer to number of bytes written */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT wcnt, cc, cn, csect;
    const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE *)buff;

    clst = 0;
    *bw = 0;                       /* Clear write byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    }

    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    }

    /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4 GiB at FAT volume) */
    if ((!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr) {
        btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
    }

    for (; btw; /* Repeat until all data written */
         btw -= wcnt, *bw += wcnt, wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) /* On the sector boundary? */
        {
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1); /* Sector offset in the cluster */

            if (csect == 0) /* On the cluster boundary? */
            {
                if (fp->fptr == 0) /* On the top of the file? */
                {
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* Follow from the origin */

                    if (clst == 0) /* If no cluster is allocated, */
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0); /* create a new cluster chain */
                    }
                } else if(clst == 0) /* On the middle or end of the file */
                {
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }

                if (clst == 0) {
                    break; /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                }

                if (clst == 1) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }

                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */

                if (fp->obj.sclust == 0) {
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst; /* Set start cluster if the first write */
                }
                clst = 0;
            }

#if FF_FS_TINY

            if (fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write-back sector cache */
            }

#else

            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back sector cache */
            {
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }

#endif
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */

            if (sect == 0) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            }

            sect += csect;
            cn = btw / SS(fs); /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */

            if (cn > 0) /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
            {
                if (csect + cn > fs->csize) /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                {
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                    cn -= cc;

                    for(; ; ) {
                        fp->obj.objsize = ((fp->fptr + SS(fs) * cc) > fp->obj.objsize) ? (fp->fptr + SS(fs) * cc) : fp->obj.objsize; /* Update obj size */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                        if (fp->cltbl) {
                            clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                        } else
#endif
                        {
                            clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                        }

                        if (clst == 0) {
                            break; /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                        }

                        if (clst == 1) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        }

                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }

                        if(clst == fp->clust + 1) { /* The sequence number of the cluster is continuous */
                            fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
                            clst = 0;

                            if(cn > fs->csize) {
                                cc += fs->csize;
                                cn -= fs->csize;
                            } else {
                                cc += cn;
                                break;
                            }
                        }else{
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    cc = cn;
                }

                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if FF_FS_TINY

                if (fs->winsect - sect < cc) /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                {
                    mem_cpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fs->wflag = 0;
                }

#else

                if (fp->sect - sect < cc) /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                {
                    mem_cpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }

#endif
#endif
                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }

#if FF_FS_TINY

            if (fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize) /* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
            {
                if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fs->winsect = sect;
            }

#else

            if (fp->sect != sect && /* Fill sector cache with file data */
                fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
                disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }

#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }

        wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */

        if (wcnt > btw) {
            wcnt = btw; /* Clip it by btw if needed */
        }

#if FF_FS_TINY

        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        }

        mem_cpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fs->wflag = 1;
#else
        mem_cpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
    }

    fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED; /* Set file change flag */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#else

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_read(
    FIL *fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
    void *buff, /* Pointer to data buffer */
    UINT btr,   /* Number of bytes to read */
    UINT *br    /* Pointer to number of bytes read */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, cc, csect;
    BYTE *rbuff = (BYTE *)buff;

    *br = 0;                       /* Clear read byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    }

    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    }

    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;

    if (btr > remain) {
        btr = (UINT)remain; /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */
    }

    for (; btr; /* Repeat until btr bytes read */
         btr -= rcnt, *br += rcnt, rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) /* On the sector boundary? */
        {
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)); /* Sector offset in the cluster */

            if (csect == 0) /* On the cluster boundary? */
            {
                if (fp->fptr == 0) /* On the top of the file? */
                {
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                } else                     /* Middle or end of the file */
                {
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK

                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }

                if (clst < 2) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }

                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
            }

            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */

            if (sect == 0) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            }

            sect += csect;
            cc = btr / SS(fs); /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */

            if (cc > 0) /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
            {
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                {
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }

                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if FF_FS_TINY

                if (fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                }

#else

                if ((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                }

#endif
#endif
                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }

#if !FF_FS_TINY

            if (fp->sect != sect) /* Load data sector if not in cache */
            {
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

                if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                {
                    if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    }

                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }

#endif

                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
                }
            }

#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }

        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */

        if (rcnt > btr) {
            rcnt = btr; /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        }

#if FF_FS_TINY

        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        }

        mem_cpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#else
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt); /* Extract partial sector */
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_write(
    FIL *fp,          /* Pointer to the file object */
    const void *buff, /* Pointer to the data to be written */
    UINT btw,         /* Number of bytes to write */
    UINT *bw          /* Pointer to number of bytes written */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT wcnt, cc, csect;
    const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE *)buff;

    *bw = 0;                       /* Clear write byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res); /* Check validity */
    }

    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    }

    /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4 GiB at FAT volume) */
    if ((!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr) {
        btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
    }

    for (; btw; /* Repeat until all data written */
         btw -= wcnt, *bw += wcnt, wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) /* On the sector boundary? */
        {
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1); /* Sector offset in the cluster */

            if (csect == 0) /* On the cluster boundary? */
            {
                if (fp->fptr == 0) /* On the top of the file? */
                {
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* Follow from the origin */

                    if (clst == 0) /* If no cluster is allocated, */
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0); /* create a new cluster chain */
                    }
                } else /* On the middle or end of the file */
                {
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK

                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr); /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust); /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }

                if (clst == 0) {
                    break; /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                }

                if (clst == 1) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }

                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */

                if (fp->obj.sclust == 0) {
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst; /* Set start cluster if the first write */
                }
            }

#if FF_FS_TINY

            if (fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write-back sector cache */
            }

#else

            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back sector cache */
            {
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }

#endif
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current sector */

            if (sect == 0) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            }

            sect += csect;
            cc = btw / SS(fs); /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */

            if (cc > 0) /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
            {
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                {
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }

                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if FF_FS_TINY

                if (fs->winsect - sect < cc) /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                {
                    mem_cpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fs->wflag = 0;
                }

#else

                if (fp->sect - sect < cc) /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                {
                    mem_cpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }

#endif
#endif
                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc; /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }

#if FF_FS_TINY

            if (fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize) /* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
            {
                if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fs->winsect = sect;
            }

#else

            if (fp->sect != sect && /* Fill sector cache with file data */
                fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
                disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }

#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }

        wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */

        if (wcnt > btw) {
            wcnt = btw; /* Clip it by btw if needed */
        }

#if FF_FS_TINY

        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        }

        mem_cpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fs->wflag = 1;
#else
        mem_cpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt); /* Fit data to the sector */
        fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
    }

    fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED; /* Set file change flag */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

#endif /* FF_FS_CONTINUOUS */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize the File                                                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_sync(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD tm;
    BYTE *dir;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fp->flag & FA_MODIFIED) /* Is there any change to the file? */
        {
#if !FF_FS_TINY

            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back cached data if needed */
            {
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }

#endif
            /* Update the directory entry */
            tm = GET_FATTIME(); /* Modified time */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = fill_first_frag(&fp->obj); /* Fill first fragment on the FAT if needed */

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
                }

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    DIR dj;
                    DEF_NAMBUF

                    INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                    res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &fp->obj); /* Load directory entry block */

                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                            /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = fp->obj.stat | 1;               /* Update file allocation information */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, fp->obj.sclust);        /* Update start cluster */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, fp->obj.objsize);      /* Update file size */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, fp->obj.objsize); /* (FatFs does not support Valid File Size feature) */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);                    /* Update modified time */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_AccTime, 0);
                        res = store_xdir(&dj); /* Restore it to the directory */

                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = sync_fs(fs);
                            fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                    }

                    FREE_NAMBUF();
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                res = move_window(fs, fp->dir_sect);

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                    dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                              /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                    st_clust(fp->obj.fs, dir, fp->obj.sclust);            /* Update file allocation information  */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fp->obj.objsize); /* Update file size */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);                      /* Update modified time */
                    st_word(dir + DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res = sync_fs(fs); /* Restore it to the directory */
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_close(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    res = f_sync(fp); /* Flush cached data */

    if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
    {
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Lock volume */

        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            res = dec_lock(fp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement file open counter */

            if (res == FR_OK) {
                fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object */
            }

#else
            fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
            unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK); /* Unlock volume */
#endif
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Current Directory or Current Drive, Get Current Directory      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chdrive(
    const TCHAR *path /* Drive number to set */
)
{
    int vol;

    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);

    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }

    CurrVol = (BYTE)vol; /* Set it as current volume */

    return FR_OK;
}

FRESULT f_chdir(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2
    UINT i;
#endif
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the path */

        if (res == FR_OK) /* Follow completed */
        {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) /* Is it the start directory itself? */
            {
                fs->cdir = dj.obj.sclust;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.c_scl;
                    fs->cdc_size = dj.obj.c_size;
                    fs->cdc_ofs = dj.obj.c_ofs;
                }

#endif
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) /* It is a sub-directory */
                {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        fs->cdir = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus); /* Sub-directory cluster */
                        fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.sclust;                    /* Save containing directory information */
                        fs->cdc_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                        fs->cdc_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        fs->cdir = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Sub-directory cluster */
                    }
                } else {
                    res = FR_NO_PATH; /* Reached but a file */
                }
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();

        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
        }

#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2 /* Also current drive is changed at Unix style volume ID */

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            for (i = FF_VOLUMES - 1; i && fs != FatFs[i]; i--)
                ; /* Set current drive */

            CurrVol = (BYTE)i;
        }

#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
FRESULT f_getcwd(
    TCHAR *buff, /* Pointer to the directory path */
    UINT len     /* Size of buff in unit of TCHAR */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT i, n;
    DWORD ccl;
    TCHAR *tp = buff;
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2
    UINT vl;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
    const char *vp;
#endif
#endif
    FILINFO fno;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    buff[0] = 0;                                       /* Set null string to get current volume */
    res = mount_volume((const TCHAR **)&buff, &fs, 0); /* Get current volume */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);

        /* Follow parent directories and create the path */
        i = len; /* Bottom of buffer (directory stack base) */

        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) /* (Cannot do getcwd on exFAT and returns root path) */
        {
            dj.obj.sclust = fs->cdir; /* Start to follow upper directory from current directory */

            while ((ccl = dj.obj.sclust) != 0) /* Repeat while current directory is a sub-directory */
            {
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1 * SZDIRE); /* Get parent directory */

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                res = move_window(fs, dj.sect);

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                dj.obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir); /* Goto parent directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                do /* Find the entry links to the child directory */
                {
                    res = DIR_READ_FILE(&dj);

                    if (res != FR_OK) {
                        break;
                    }

                    if (ccl == ld_clust(fs, dj.dir)) {
                        break; /* Found the entry */
                    }

                    res = dir_next(&dj, 0);
                } while (res == FR_OK);

                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                    res = FR_INT_ERR; /* It cannot be 'not found'. */
                }

                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }

                get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno); /* Get the directory name and push it to the buffer */

                for (n = 0; fno.fname[n]; n++)
                    ; /* Name length */

                if (i < n + 1) /* Insufficient space to store the path name? */
                {
                    res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
                    break;
                }

                while (n) {
                    buff[--i] = fno.fname[--n]; /* Stack the name */
                }

                buff[--i] = '/';
            }
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (i == len) {
                buff[--i] = '/'; /* Is it the root-directory? */
            }

#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2 /* Put drive prefix */
            vl = 0;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID >= 1 /* String volume ID */

            for (n = 0, vp = (const char *)VolumeStr[CurrVol]; vp[n]; n++)
                ;

            if (i >= n + 2) {
                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2) {
                    *tp++ = (TCHAR)'/';
                }

                for (vl = 0; vl < n; *tp++ = (TCHAR)vp[vl], vl++)
                    ;

                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1) {
                    *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                }

                vl++;
            }

#else /* Numeric volume ID */

            if (i >= 3) {
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)'0' + CurrVol;
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                vl = 2;
            }

#endif

            if (vl == 0) {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
            }

#endif

            /* Add current directory path */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                do {
                    *tp++ = buff[i++];
                } while (i < len); /* Copy stacked path string */
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    *tp = 0;
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 1 */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Seek File Read/Write Pointer                                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_lseek(
    FIL *fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs /* File pointer from top of file */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, bcs;
    LBA_t nsect;
    FSIZE_t ifptr;
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
    DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, tlen, ulen, *tbl;
    LBA_t dsc;
#endif

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = (FRESULT)fp->err;
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY

    if (res == FR_OK && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
    }

#endif

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }

#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK

    if (fp->cltbl) /* Fast seek */
    {
        if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) /* Create CLMT */
        {
            tbl = fp->cltbl;
            tlen = *tbl++;
            ulen = 2;            /* Given table size and required table size */
            cl = fp->obj.sclust; /* Origin of the chain */

            if (cl != 0) {
                do {
                    /* Get a fragment */
                    tcl = cl;
                    ncl = 0;
                    ulen += 2; /* Top, length and used items */

                    do {
                        pcl = cl;
                        ncl++;
                        cl = get_fat(&fp->obj, cl);

                        if (cl <= 1) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        }

                        if (cl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }
                    } while (cl == pcl + 1);

                    if (ulen <= tlen) /* Store the length and top of the fragment */
                    {
                        *tbl++ = ncl;
                        *tbl++ = tcl;
                    }
                } while (cl < fs->n_fatent); /* Repeat until end of chain */
            }

            *fp->cltbl = ulen; /* Number of items used */

            if (ulen <= tlen) {
                *tbl = 0; /* Terminate table */
            } else {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; /* Given table size is smaller than required */
            }
        } else /* Fast seek */
        {
            if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize) {
                ofs = fp->obj.objsize; /* Clip offset at the file size */
            }

            fp->fptr = ofs; /* Set file pointer */

            if (ofs > 0) {
                fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
                dsc = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);

                if (dsc == 0) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }

                dsc += (DWORD)((ofs - 1) / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);

                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && dsc != fp->sect) /* Refill sector cache if needed */
                {
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

                    if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                    {
                        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }

                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                    }

#endif

                    if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Load current sector */
                    }

#endif
                    fp->sect = dsc;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif

    /* Normal Seek */
    {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

        if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && ofs >= 0x100000000) {
            ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Clip at 4 GiB - 1 if at FATxx */
        }

#endif

        if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize && (FF_FS_READONLY || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))) /* In read-only mode, clip offset with the file size */
        {
            ofs = fp->obj.objsize;
        }

        ifptr = fp->fptr;
        fp->fptr = nsect = 0;

        if (ofs > 0) {
            bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs); /* Cluster size (byte) */

            if (ifptr > 0 &&
                (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs) /* When seek to same or following cluster, */
            {
                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(FSIZE_t)(bcs - 1); /* start from the current cluster */
                ofs -= fp->fptr;
                clst = fp->clust;
            } else /* When seek to back cluster, */
            {
                clst = fp->obj.sclust; /* start from the first cluster */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

                if (clst == 0) /* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                {
                    clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);

                    if (clst == 1) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    }

                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    }

                    fp->obj.sclust = clst;
                }

#endif
                fp->clust = clst;
            }

            if (clst != 0) {
                while (ofs > bcs) /* Cluster following loop */
                {
                    ofs -= bcs;
                    fp->fptr += bcs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

                    if (fp->flag & FA_WRITE) /* Check if in write mode or not */
                    {
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) /* No FAT chain object needs correct objsize to generate FAT value */
                        {
                            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                        }

                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow chain with forceed stretch */

                        if (clst == 0) /* Clip file size in case of disk full */
                        {
                            ofs = 0;
                            break;
                        }
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                    }

                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    }

                    if (clst <= 1 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    }

                    fp->clust = clst;
                }

                fp->fptr += ofs;

                if (ofs % SS(fs)) {
                    nsect = clst2sect(fs, clst); /* Current sector */

                    if (nsect == 0) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    }

                    nsect += (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
                }
            }
        }

        if (!FF_FS_READONLY && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) /* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
        {
            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
        }

        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && nsect != fp->sect) /* Fill sector cache if needed */
        {
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
            {
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }

#endif

            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
            }

#endif
            fp->sect = nsect;
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_opendir(
    DIR *dp,          /* Pointer to directory object to create */
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    if (!dp) {
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    }

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(dp, path); /* Follow the path to the directory */

        if (res == FR_OK) /* Follow completed */
        {
            if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)) /* It is not the origin directory itself */
            {
                if (dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR) /* This object is a sub-directory */
                {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust; /* Get containing directory inforamation */
                        dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                        dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                        init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj); /* Get object allocation info */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dp->dir); /* Get object allocation info */
                    }
                } else /* This object is a file */
                {
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;
                }
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) {
                dp->obj.id = fs->id;
                res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind directory */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {
                        dp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(dp, 0); /* Lock the sub directory */

                        if (!dp->obj.lockid) {
                            res = FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
                        }
                    } else {
                        dp->obj.lockid = 0; /* Root directory need not to be locked */
                    }
                }

#endif
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();

        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
        }
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate the directory object if function faild */
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close Directory                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_closedir(
    DIR *dp /* Pointer to the directory object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;

    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0

        if (dp->obj.lockid) {
            res = dec_lock(dp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement sub-directory open counter */
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate directory object */
        }

#else
        dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate directory object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK); /* Unlock volume */
#endif
    }

    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Directory Entries in Sequence                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_readdir(
    DIR *dp,     /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the directory object */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (!fno) {
            res = dir_sdi(dp, 0); /* Rewind the directory object */
        } else {
            INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
            res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp); /* Read an item */

            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory */
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) /* A valid entry is found */
            {
                get_fileinfo(dp, fno); /* Get the object information */
                res = dir_next(dp, 0); /* Increment index for next */

                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                    res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory now */
                }
            }

            FREE_NAMBUF();
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if FF_USE_FIND
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find Next File                                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findnext(
    DIR *dp,     /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the file information structure */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    for (;;) {
        res = f_readdir(dp, fno); /* Get a directory item */

        if (res != FR_OK || !fno || !fno->fname[0]) {
            break; /* Terminate if any error or end of directory */
        }

        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->fname, 0, 0)) {
            break; /* Test for the file name */
        }

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_USE_FIND == 2

        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->altname, 0, 0)) {
            break; /* Test for alternative name if exist */
        }

#endif
    }

    return res;
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find First File                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findfirst(
    DIR *dp,             /* Pointer to the blank directory object */
    FILINFO *fno,        /* Pointer to the file information structure */
    const TCHAR *path,   /* Pointer to the directory to open */
    const TCHAR *pattern /* Pointer to the matching pattern */
)
{
    FRESULT res;

    dp->pat = pattern;         /* Save pointer to pattern string */
    res = f_opendir(dp, path); /* Open the target directory */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = f_findnext(dp, fno); /* Find the first item */
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FIND */

#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get File Status                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_stat(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file path */
    FILINFO *fno       /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &dj.obj.fs, 0);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(dj.obj.fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */

        if (res == FR_OK) /* Follow completed */
        {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) /* It is origin directory */
            {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else /* Found an object */
            {
                if (fno) {
                    get_fileinfo(&dj, fno);
                }
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(dj.obj.fs, res);
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Number of Free Clusters                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getfree(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Logical drive number */
    DWORD *nclst,      /* Pointer to a variable to return number of free clusters */
    FATFS **fatfs      /* Pointer to return pointer to corresponding filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD nfree, clst, stat;
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT i;
    FFOBJID obj;

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        *fatfs = fs; /* Return ptr to the fs object */

        /* If free_clst is valid, return it without full FAT scan */
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
            *nclst = fs->free_clst;
        } else {
            /* Scan FAT to obtain number of free clusters */
            nfree = 0;

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT12) /* FAT12: Scan bit field FAT entries */
            {
                clst = 2;
                obj.fs = fs;

                do {
                    stat = get_fat(&obj, clst);

                    if (stat == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        break;
                    }

                    if (stat == 1) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                        break;
                    }

                    if (stat == 0) {
                        nfree++;
                    }
                } while (++clst < fs->n_fatent);
            } else {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* exFAT: Scan allocation bitmap */
                {
                    BYTE bm;
                    UINT b;

                    clst = fs->n_fatent - 2; /* Number of clusters */
                    sect = fs->bitbase;      /* Bitmap sector */
                    i = 0;                   /* Offset in the sector */

                    do /* Counts numbuer of bits with zero in the bitmap */
                    {
                        if (i == 0) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);

                            if (res != FR_OK) {
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                        for (b = 8, bm = fs->win[i]; b && clst; b--, clst--) {
                            if (!(bm & 1)) {
                                nfree++;
                            }

                            bm >>= 1;
                        }

                        i = (i + 1) % SS(fs);
                    } while (clst);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* FAT16/32: Scan WORD/DWORD FAT entries */
                    clst = fs->n_fatent; /* Number of entries */
                    sect = fs->fatbase;  /* Top of the FAT */
                    i = 0;               /* Offset in the sector */

                    do /* Counts numbuer of entries with zero in the FAT */
                    {
                        if (i == 0) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);

                            if (res != FR_OK) {
                                break;
                            }
                        }

                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT16) {
                            if (ld_word(fs->win + i) == 0) {
                                nfree++;
                            }

                            i += 2;
                        } else {
                            if ((ld_dword(fs->win + i) & 0x0FFFFFFF) == 0) {
                                nfree++;
                            }

                            i += 4;
                        }

                        i %= SS(fs);
                    } while (--clst);
                }
            }

            *nclst = nfree;        /* Return the free clusters */
            fs->free_clst = nfree; /* Now free_clst is valid */
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;     /* FAT32: FSInfo is to be updated */
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Truncate File                                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_truncate(
    FIL *fp /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD ncl;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }

    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    }

    if (fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize) /* Process when fptr is not on the eof */
    {
        if (fp->fptr == 0) /* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
        {
            res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
            fp->obj.sclust = 0;
        } else /* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
        {
            ncl = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
            res = FR_OK;

            if (ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }

            if (ncl == 1) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
            }

            if (res == FR_OK && ncl < fs->n_fatent) {
                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, ncl, fp->clust);
            }
        }

        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr; /* Set file size to current read/write point */
        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
#if !FF_FS_TINY

        if (res == FR_OK && (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)) {
            if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            } else {
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
        }

#endif

        if (res != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, res);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_unlink(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the file or directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj, sdj;
    DWORD dclst = 0;
    FATFS *fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    FFOBJID obj;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */

        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Cannot remove dot entry */
        }

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = chk_lock(&dj, 2); /* Check if it is an open object */
        }

#endif

        if (res == FR_OK) /* The object is accessible */
        {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Cannot remove the origin directory */
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO) {
                    res = FR_DENIED; /* Cannot remove R/O object */
                }
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                obj.fs = fs;

                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &obj);
                    dclst = obj.sclust;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dclst = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);
                }

                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) /* Is it a sub-directory? */
                {
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0

                    if (dclst == fs->cdir) /* Is it the current directory? */
                    {
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        sdj.obj.fs = fs; /* Open the sub-directory */
                        sdj.obj.sclust = dclst;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            sdj.obj.objsize = obj.objsize;
                            sdj.obj.stat = obj.stat;
                        }

#endif
                        res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 0);

                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = DIR_READ_FILE(&sdj); /* Test if the directory is empty */

                            if (res == FR_OK) {
                                res = FR_DENIED; /* Not empty? */
                            }

                            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                                res = FR_OK; /* Empty? */
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&dj); /* Remove the directory entry */

                if (res == FR_OK && dclst != 0) /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    res = remove_chain(&obj, dclst, 0);
#else
                    res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, dclst, 0);
#endif
                }

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mkdir(
    const TCHAR *path /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FFOBJID sobj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD dcl, pcl, tm;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = FR_EXIST; /* Name collision? */
        }

        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_NO_FILE && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) /* Invalid name? */
        {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }

        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) /* It is clear to create a new directory */
        {
            sobj.fs = fs;                 /* New object id to create a new chain */
            dcl = create_chain(&sobj, 0); /* Allocate a cluster for the new directory */
            res = FR_OK;

            if (dcl == 0) {
                res = FR_DENIED; /* No space to allocate a new cluster? */
            }

            if (dcl == 1) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR; /* Any insanity? */
            }

            if (dcl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error? */
            }

            tm = GET_FATTIME();

            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_clear(fs, dcl); /* Clean up the new table */

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) /* Create dot entries (FAT only) */
                    {
                        mem_set(fs->win + DIR_Name, ' ', 11); /* Create "." entry */
                        fs->win[DIR_Name] = '.';
                        fs->win[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                        st_dword(fs->win + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win, dcl);
                        mem_cpy(fs->win + SZDIRE, fs->win, SZDIRE); /* Create ".." entry */
                        fs->win[SZDIRE + 1] = '.';
                        pcl = dj.obj.sclust;
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win + SZDIRE, pcl);
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                    }

                    res = dir_register(&dj); /* Register the object to the parent directoy */
                }
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* Initialize directory entry block */
                {
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);                         /* Created time */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, dcl);                        /* Table start cluster */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs)); /* Directory size needs to be valid */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 3;  /* Initialize the object flag */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_DIR; /* Attribute */
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, tm); /* Created time */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, dcl);          /* Table start cluster */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;          /* Attribute */
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                }

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            } else {
                remove_chain(&sobj, dcl, 0); /* Could not register, remove the allocated cluster */
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Rename a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_rename(
    const TCHAR *path_old, /* Pointer to the object name to be renamed */
    const TCHAR *path_new  /* Pointer to the new name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR djo, djn;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE buf[FF_FS_EXFAT ? SZDIRE * 2 : SZDIRE], *dir;
    LBA_t sect;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    get_ldnumber(&path_new);                      /* Snip the drive number of new name off */
    res = mount_volume(&path_old, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive of the old object */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        djo.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&djo, path_old); /* Check old object */

        if (res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check validity of name */
        }

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = chk_lock(&djo, 2);
        }

#endif

        if (res == FR_OK) /* Object to be renamed is found */
        {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* At exFAT volume */
            {
                BYTE nf, nn;
                WORD nh;

                mem_cpy(buf, fs->dirbuf, SZDIRE * 2); /* Save 85+C0 entry of old object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof djo);
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new); /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */

                if (res == FR_OK) /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                {
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }

                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                {
                    res = dir_register(&djn); /* Register the new entry */

                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        nf = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec];
                        nn = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName];
                        nh = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash);
                        mem_cpy(fs->dirbuf, buf, SZDIRE * 2); /* Restore 85+C0 entry */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec] = nf;
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] = nn;
                        st_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash, nh);

                        if (!(fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) {
                            fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                        }

                        /* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                        res = store_xdir(&djn);
                    }
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                /* At FAT/FAT32 volume */
                mem_cpy(buf, djo.dir, SZDIRE);     /* Save directory entry of the object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof(DIR));  /* Duplicate the directory object */
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new); /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */

                if (res == FR_OK) /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                {
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }

                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                {
                    res = dir_register(&djn); /* Register the new entry */

                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dir = djn.dir; /* Copy directory entry of the object except name */
                        mem_cpy(dir + 13, buf + 13, SZDIRE - 13);
                        dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[DIR_Attr];

                        if (!(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) {
                            dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                        }

                        fs->wflag = 1;

                        if ((dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) && djo.obj.sclust != djn.obj.sclust) /* Update .. entry in the sub-directory if needed */
                        {
                            sect = clst2sect(fs, ld_clust(fs, dir));

                            if (sect == 0) {
                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                            } else {
                                /* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                res = move_window(fs, sect);
                                dir = fs->win + SZDIRE * 1; /* Ptr to .. entry */

                                if (res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.') {
                                    st_clust(fs, dir, djn.obj.sclust);
                                    fs->wflag = 1;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&djo); /* Remove old entry */

                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }

            /* End of the critical section */
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 */

#if FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Attribute                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chmod(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file path */
    BYTE attr,         /* Attribute bits */
    BYTE mask          /* Attribute mask to change */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */

        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check object validity */
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mask &= AM_RDO | AM_HID | AM_SYS | AM_ARC; /* Valid attribute mask */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask); /* Apply attribute change */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask); /* Apply attribute change */
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_utime(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Pointer to the file/directory name */
    const FILINFO *fno /* Pointer to the timestamp to be set */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE); /* Get logical drive */

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path); /* Follow the file path */

        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check object validity */
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }

            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_LABEL
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getlabel(
    const TCHAR *path, /* Logical drive number */
    TCHAR *label,      /* Buffer to store the volume label */
    DWORD *vsn         /* Variable to store the volume serial number */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT si, di;
    WCHAR wc;

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    /* Get volume label */
    if (res == FR_OK && label) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        dj.obj.sclust = 0; /* Open root directory */
        res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj); /* Find a volume label entry */

            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT

                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    WCHAR hs;

                    for (si = di = hs = 0; si < dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel]; si++) /* Extract volume label from 83 entry */
                    {
                        wc = ld_word(dj.dir + XDIR_Label + si * 2);

                        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) /* Is the code a surrogate? */
                        {
                            hs = wc;
                            continue;
                        }

                        wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &label[di], 4);

                        if (wc == 0) {
                            di = 0;
                            break;
                        }

                        di += wc;
                        hs = 0;
                    }

                    if (hs != 0) {
                        di = 0; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                    }

                    label[di] = 0;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    si = di = 0; /* Extract volume label from AM_VOL entry */

                    while (si < 11) {
                        wc = dj.dir[si++];
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 /* Unicode output */

                        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si < 11) {
                            wc = wc << 8 | dj.dir[si++]; /* Is it a DBC? */
                        }

                        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE); /* Convert it into Unicode */

                        if (wc != 0) {
                            wc = put_utf(wc, &label[di], 4); /* Put it in Unicode */
                        }

                        if (wc == 0) {
                            di = 0;
                            break;
                        }

                        di += wc;
#else /* ANSI/OEM output */
                        label[di++] = (TCHAR)wc;
#endif
                    }

                    do /* Truncate trailing spaces */
                    {
                        label[di] = 0;

                        if (di == 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                    } while (label[--di] == ' ');
                }
            }
        }

        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) /* No label entry and return nul string */
        {
            label[0] = 0;
            res = FR_OK;
        }
    }

    /* Get volume serial number */
    if (res == FR_OK && vsn) {
        res = move_window(fs, fs->volbase);

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            switch (fs->fs_type) {
                case FS_EXFAT:
                    di = BPB_VolIDEx;
                    break;

                case FS_FAT32:
                    di = BS_VolID32;
                    break;

                default:
                    di = BS_VolID;
            }

            *vsn = ld_dword(fs->win + di);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setlabel(
    const TCHAR *label /* Volume label to set with heading logical drive number */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE dirvn[22];
    UINT di;
    WCHAR wc;
    static const char badchr[] = "+.,;=[]/\\\"*:<>\?|\x7F"; /* [0..] for FAT, [7..] for exFAT */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    DWORD dc;
#endif

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&label, &fs, FA_WRITE);

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) /* On the exFAT volume */
    {
        mem_set(dirvn, 0, 22);
        di = 0;

        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') /* Create volume label */
        {
            dc = tchar2uni(&label); /* Get a Unicode character */

            if (dc >= 0x10000) {
                if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF || di >= 10) /* Wrong surrogate or buffer overflow */
                {
                    dc = 0;
                } else {
                    st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)(dc >> 16));
                    di++;
                }
            }

            if (dc == 0 || chk_chr(badchr + 7, (int)dc) || di >= 11) /* Check validity of the volume label */
            {
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }

            st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)dc);
            di++;
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        mem_set(dirvn, ' ', 11);
        di = 0;

        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') /* Create volume label */
        {
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dc = tchar2uni(&label);
            wc = (dc < 0x10000) ? ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(dc), CODEPAGE) : 0;
#else /* ANSI/OEM input */
            wc = (BYTE)*label++;

            if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {
                wc = dbc_2nd((BYTE)*label) ? wc << 8 | (BYTE)*label++ : 0;
            }

            if (IsLower(wc)) {
                wc -= 0x20; /* To upper ASCII characters */
            }

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0

            if (ExCvt && wc >= 0x80) {
                wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
            }

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900

            if (wc >= 0x80) {
                wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
            }

#endif
#endif

            if (wc == 0 || chk_chr(badchr + 0, (int)wc) || di >= (UINT)((wc >= 0x100) ? 10 : 11)) /* Reject invalid characters for volume label */
            {
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }

            if (wc >= 0x100) {
                dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
            }

            dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)wc;
        }

        if (dirvn[0] == DDEM) {
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME); /* Reject illegal name (heading DDEM) */
        }

        while (di && dirvn[di - 1] == ' ') {
            di--; /* Snip trailing spaces */
        }
    }

    /* Set volume label */
    dj.obj.fs = fs;
    dj.obj.sclust = 0; /* Open root directory */
    res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj); /* Get volume label entry */

        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di; /* Change the volume label */
                mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
            } else {
                if (di != 0) {
                    mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11); /* Change the volume label */
                } else {
                    dj.dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM; /* Remove the volume label */
                }
            }

            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = sync_fs(fs);
        } else /* No volume label entry or an error */
        {
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                res = FR_OK;

                if (di != 0) /* Create a volume label entry */
                {
                    res = dir_alloc(&dj, 1); /* Allocate an entry */

                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        mem_set(dj.dir, 0, SZDIRE); /* Clean the entry */

                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            dj.dir[XDIR_Type] = ET_VLABEL; /* Create volume label entry */
                            dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
                        } else {
                            dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_VOL; /* Create volume label entry */
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);
                        }

                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_LABEL */

#if FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Allocate a Contiguous Blocks to the File                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_expand(
    FIL *fp,     /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t fsz, /* File size to be expanded to */
    BYTE opt     /* Operation mode 0:Find and prepare or 1:Find and allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD n, clst, stcl, scl, ncl, tcl, lclst;

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }

    if (fsz == 0 || fp->obj.objsize != 0 || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && fsz >= 0x100000000) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check if in size limit */
    }

#endif
    n = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);                      /* Cluster size */
    tcl = (DWORD)(fsz / n) + ((fsz & (n - 1)) ? 1 : 0); /* Number of clusters required */
    stcl = fs->last_clst;
    lclst = 0;

    if (stcl < 2 || stcl >= fs->n_fatent) {
        stcl = 2;
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        scl = find_bitmap(fs, stcl, tcl); /* Find a contiguous cluster block */

        if (scl == 0) {
            res = FR_DENIED; /* No contiguous cluster block was found */
        }

        if (scl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) /* A contiguous free area is found */
        {
            if (opt) /* Allocate it now */
            {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, tcl, 1); /* Mark the cluster block 'in use' */
                lclst = scl + tcl - 1;
            } else /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
            {
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        scl = clst = stcl;
        ncl = 0;

        for (;;) /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
        {
            n = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);

            if (++clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
                clst = 2;
            }

            if (n == 1) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                break;
            }

            if (n == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                break;
            }

            if (n == 0) /* Is it a free cluster? */
            {
                if (++ncl == tcl) {
                    break; /* Break if a contiguous cluster block is found */
                }
            } else {
                scl = clst;
                ncl = 0; /* Not a free cluster */
            }

            if (clst == stcl) {
                res = FR_DENIED; /* No contiguous cluster? */
                break;
            }
        }

        if (res == FR_OK) /* A contiguous free area is found */
        {
            if (opt) /* Allocate it now */
            {
                for (clst = scl, n = tcl; n; clst++, n--) /* Create a cluster chain on the FAT */
                {
                    res = put_fat(fs, clst, (n == 1) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : clst + 1);

                    if (res != FR_OK) {
                        break;
                    }

                    lclst = clst;
                }
            } else /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
            {
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        fs->last_clst = lclst; /* Set suggested start cluster to start next */

        if (opt) /* Is it allocated now? */
        {
            fp->obj.sclust = scl; /* Update object allocation information */
            fp->obj.objsize = fsz;

            if (FF_FS_EXFAT) {
                fp->obj.stat = 2; /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
            }

            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;

            if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) /* Update FSINFO */
            {
                fs->free_clst -= tcl;
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY */

#if FF_USE_FORWARD
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Forward Data to the Stream Directly                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_forward(
    FIL *fp,                          /* Pointer to the file object */
    UINT (*func)(const BYTE *, UINT), /* Pointer to the streaming function */
    UINT btf,                         /* Number of bytes to forward */
    UINT *bf                          /* Pointer to number of bytes forwarded */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, csect;
    BYTE *dbuf;

    *bf = 0;                       /* Clear transfer byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs); /* Check validity of the file object */

    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }

    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    }

    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;

    if (btf > remain) {
        btf = (UINT)remain; /* Truncate btf by remaining bytes */
    }

    for (; btf && (*func)(0, 0); /* Repeat until all data transferred or stream goes busy */
         fp->fptr += rcnt, *bf += rcnt, btf -= rcnt) {
        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)); /* Sector offset in the cluster */

        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) /* On the sector boundary? */
        {
            if (csect == 0) /* On the cluster boundary? */
            {
                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ? /* On the top of the file? */
                           fp->obj.sclust :
                           get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);

                if (clst <= 1) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }

                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->clust = clst; /* Update current cluster */
            }
        }

        sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust); /* Get current data sector */

        if (sect == 0) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        }

        sect += csect;
#if FF_FS_TINY

        if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window to the file data */
        }

        dbuf = fs->win;
#else

        if (fp->sect != sect) /* Fill sector cache with file data */
        {
#if !FF_FS_READONLY

            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
            {
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }

#endif

            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
        }

        dbuf = fp->buf;
#endif
        fp->sect = sect;
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs); /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */

        if (rcnt > btf) {
            rcnt = btf; /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        }

        rcnt = (*func)(dbuf + ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs)), rcnt); /* Forward the file data */

        if (rcnt == 0) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
#endif /* FF_USE_FORWARD */

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create an FAT/exFAT volume                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define N_SEC_TRACK 63 /* Sectors per track for determination of drive CHS */
#define GPT_ALIGN   0x100000 /* Alignment of partitions in GPT [byte] (>=128KB) */
#define GPT_ITEMS   128 /* Number of GPT table size (>=128, sector aligned) */

/* Create partitions on the physical drive */

static FRESULT create_partition(
    BYTE drv,           /* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t plst[], /* Partition list */
    UINT sys,           /* System ID (for only MBR, temp setting) and bit8:GPT */
    BYTE *buf           /* Working buffer for a sector */
)
{
    UINT i, cy;
    LBA_t sz_drv;
    DWORD sz_drv32, s_lba32, n_lba32;
    BYTE *pte, hd, n_hd, sc, n_sc;

    /* Get drive size */
    if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_drv) != RES_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

#if FF_LBA64

    if (sz_drv >= FF_MIN_GPT) /* Create partitions in GPT */
    {
        WORD ss;
        UINT sz_pt, pi, si, ofs;
        DWORD bcc, rnd, align;
        QWORD s_lba64, n_lba64, sz_pool, s_bpt;
        static const BYTE gpt_mbr[16] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0xEE, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF };

#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS

        if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Get sector size */
        }

        if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

#else
        ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
        rnd = GET_FATTIME();              /* Random seed */
        align = GPT_ALIGN / ss;           /* Partition alignment [sector] */
        sz_pt = GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss; /* Size of PT [sector] */
        s_bpt = sz_drv - sz_pt - 1;       /* Backup PT start sector */
        s_lba64 = 2 + sz_pt;              /* First allocatable sector */
        sz_pool = s_bpt - s_lba64;        /* Size of allocatable area */
        bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF;
        n_lba64 = 1;
        pi = si = 0; /* partition table index, size table index */

        do {
            if (pi * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) {
                mem_set(buf, 0, ss); /* Clean the buffer if needed */
            }

            if (n_lba64 != 0) /* Is the size table not termintated? */
            {
                s_lba64 = (s_lba64 + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align); /* Align partition start */
                n_lba64 = plst[si++];                                 /* Get a partition size */

                if (n_lba64 <= 100) /* Is the size in percentage? */
                {
                    n_lba64 = sz_pool * n_lba64 / 100;
                    n_lba64 = (n_lba64 + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align); /* Align partition end (only if in percentage) */
                }

                if (s_lba64 + n_lba64 > s_bpt) /* Clip at end of the pool */
                {
                    n_lba64 = (s_lba64 < s_bpt) ? s_bpt - s_lba64 : 0;
                }
            }

            if (n_lba64 != 0) /* Add a partition? */
            {
                ofs = pi * SZ_GPTE % ss;
                mem_cpy(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16);      /* Partition GUID (Microsoft Basic Data) */
                rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + ofs + GPTE_UpGuid, 16);        /* Unique partition GUID */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba, s_lba64);               /* Partition start LBA */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba, s_lba64 + n_lba64 - 1); /* Partition end LBA */
                s_lba64 += n_lba64;                                       /* Next partition LBA */
            }

            if ((pi + 1) * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) /* Write the buffer if it is filled up */
            {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++]))
                    ; /* Calculate table check sum */

                if (disk_write(drv, buf, 2 + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Primary table */
                }

                if (disk_write(drv, buf, s_bpt + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Secondary table */
                }
            }
        } while (++pi < GPT_ITEMS);

        /* Create primary GPT header */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART"
                                 "\0\0\1\0"
                                 "\x5C\0\0",
                16);                                  /* Signature, version (1.0) and size (92) */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtBcc, ~bcc);             /* Table check sum */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, 1);               /* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, sz_drv - 1);      /* LBA of another header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_FstLba, 2 + sz_pt);       /* LBA of first allocatable sector */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_LstLba, s_bpt - 1);       /* LBA of last allocatable sector */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PteSize, SZ_GPTE);        /* Size of a table entry */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum, GPT_ITEMS);        /* Number of table entries */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, 2);                /* LBA of this table */
        rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + GPTH_DskGuid, 16); /* Disk GUID */

        for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++]))
            ; /* Calculate header check sum */

        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc); /* Header check sum */

        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

        /* Create secondary GPT header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, sz_drv - 1); /* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, 1);          /* LBA of another header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, s_bpt);       /* LBA of this table */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, 0);

        for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++]))
            ; /* Calculate header check sum */

        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc); /* Header check sum */

        if (disk_write(drv, buf, sz_drv - 1, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

        /* Create protective MBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + MBR_Table, gpt_mbr, 16); /* Create a GPT partition */
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);

        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

    } else
#endif
    {
        /* Create partitions in MBR */
        sz_drv32 = (DWORD)sz_drv;
        n_sc = N_SEC_TRACK; /* Determine drive CHS without any consideration of the drive geometry */

        for (n_hd = 8; n_hd != 0 && sz_drv32 / n_hd / n_sc > 1024; n_hd *= 2)
            ;

        if (n_hd == 0) {
            n_hd = 255; /* Number of heads needs to be <256 */
        }

        mem_set(buf, 0, FF_MAX_SS); /* Clear MBR */
        pte = buf + MBR_Table;      /* Partition table in the MBR */

        for (i = 0, s_lba32 = n_sc; i < 4 && s_lba32 != 0 && s_lba32 < sz_drv32; i++, s_lba32 += n_lba32) {
            n_lba32 = (DWORD)plst[i]; /* Get partition size */

            if (n_lba32 <= 100) {
                n_lba32 = (n_lba32 == 100) ? sz_drv32 : sz_drv32 / 100 * n_lba32; /* Size in percentage? */
            }

            if (s_lba32 + n_lba32 > sz_drv32 || s_lba32 + n_lba32 < s_lba32) {
                n_lba32 = sz_drv32 - s_lba32; /* Clip at drive size */
            }

            if (n_lba32 == 0) {
                break; /* End of table or no sector to allocate? */
            }

            st_dword(pte + PTE_StLba, s_lba32);  /* Start LBA */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba, n_lba32); /* Number of sectors */
            pte[PTE_System] = (BYTE)sys;         /* System type */

            cy = (UINT)(s_lba32 / n_sc / n_hd); /* Start cylinder */
            hd = (BYTE)(s_lba32 / n_sc % n_hd); /* Start head */
            sc = (BYTE)(s_lba32 % n_sc + 1);    /* Start sector */
            pte[PTE_StHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_StSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_StCyl] = (BYTE)cy;

            cy = (UINT)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) / n_sc / n_hd); /* End cylinder */
            hd = (BYTE)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) / n_sc % n_hd); /* End head */
            sc = (BYTE)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) % n_sc + 1);    /* End sector */
            pte[PTE_EdHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_EdSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_EdCyl] = (BYTE)cy;

            pte += SZ_PTE; /* Next entry */
        }

        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55); /* MBR signature */

        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Write it to the MBR */
        }
    }

    return FR_OK;
}

FRESULT f_mkfs(
    const TCHAR *path,    /* Logical drive number */
    const MKFS_PARM *opt, /* Format options */
    void *work,           /* Pointer to working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
    UINT len              /* Size of working buffer [byte] */
)
{
    static const WORD cst[] = { 1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 512, 0 }; /* Cluster size boundary for FAT volume (4Ks unit) */
    static const WORD cst32[] = { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 0 };   /* Cluster size boundary for FAT32 volume (128Ks unit) */
    static const MKFS_PARM defopt = { FM_ANY, 0, 0, 0, 0 };  /* Default parameter */
    BYTE fsopt, fsty, sys, *buf, *pte, pdrv, ipart;
    WORD ss; /* Sector size */
    DWORD sz_buf, sz_blk, n_clst, pau, nsect, n;
    LBA_t sz_vol, b_vol, b_fat, b_data; /* Size of volume, Base LBA of volume, fat, data */
    LBA_t sect, lba[2];
    DWORD sz_rsv, sz_fat, sz_dir, sz_au; /* Size of reserved, fat, dir, data, cluster */
    UINT n_fat, n_root, i;               /* Index, Number of FATs and Number of roor dir entries */
    int vol;
    DSTATUS ds;
    FRESULT fr;

    /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path); /* Get target logical drive */

    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }

    if (FatFs[vol]) {
        FatFs[vol]->fs_type = 0; /* Clear the fs object if mounted */
    }

    pdrv = LD2PD(vol);  /* Physical drive */
    ipart = LD2PT(vol); /* Partition (0:create as new, 1..:get from partition table) */

    if (!opt) {
        opt = &defopt; /* Use default parameter if it is not given */
    }

    /* Get physical drive status (sz_drv, sz_blk, ss) */
    ds = disk_initialize(pdrv);

    if (ds & STA_NOINIT) {
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    }

    if (ds & STA_PROTECT) {
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }

    sz_blk = opt->align;

    if (sz_blk == 0 && disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &sz_blk) != RES_OK) {
        sz_blk = 1;
    }

    if (sz_blk == 0 || sz_blk > 0x8000 || (sz_blk & (sz_blk - 1))) {
        sz_blk = 1;
    }

#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS

    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

    if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

#else
    ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
    /* Options for FAT sub-type and FAT parameters */
    fsopt = opt->fmt & (FM_ANY | FM_SFD);
    n_fat = (opt->n_fat >= 1 && opt->n_fat <= 2) ? opt->n_fat : 1;
    n_root = (opt->n_root >= 1 && opt->n_root <= 32768 && (opt->n_root % (ss / SZDIRE)) == 0) ? opt->n_root : 512;
    sz_au = (opt->au_size <= 0x1000000 && (opt->au_size & (opt->au_size - 1)) == 0) ? opt->au_size : 0;
    sz_au /= ss; /* Byte --> Sector */

    /* Get working buffer */
    sz_buf = len / ss; /* Size of working buffer [sector] */

    if (sz_buf == 0) {
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    }

    buf = (BYTE *)work; /* Working buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3

    if (!buf) {
        buf = ff_memalloc(sz_buf * ss); /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
    }

#endif

    if (!buf) {
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    }

    /* Determine where the volume to be located (b_vol, sz_vol) */
    b_vol = sz_vol = 0;

    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) /* Is the volume associated with any specific partition? */
    {
        /* Get partition location from the existing partition table */
        if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Load MBR */
        }

        if (ld_word(buf + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Check if MBR is valid */
        }

#if FF_LBA64

        if (buf[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) /* GPT protective MBR? */
        {
            DWORD n_ent, ofs;
            QWORD pt_lba;

            /* Get the partition location from GPT */
            if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
            }

            if (!test_gpt_header(buf)) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Check if GPT header is valid */
            }

            n_ent = ld_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum);  /* Number of entries */
            pt_lba = ld_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs); /* Table start sector */
            ofs = i = 0;

            while (n_ent) /* Find MS Basic partition with order of ipart */
            {
                if (ofs == 0 && disk_read(pdrv, buf, pt_lba++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Get PT sector */
                }

                if (!mem_cmp(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16) && ++i == ipart) /* MS basic data partition? */
                {
                    b_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba);
                    sz_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba) - b_vol + 1;
                    break;
                }

                n_ent--;
                ofs = (ofs + SZ_GPTE) % ss; /* Next entry */
            }

            if (n_ent == 0) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Partition not found */
            }

            fsopt |= 0x80; /* Partitioning is in GPT */
        } else
#endif
        {
            /* Get the partition location from MBR partition table */
            pte = buf + (MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE);

            if (ipart > 4 || pte[PTE_System] == 0) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* No partition? */
            }

            b_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_StLba);   /* Get volume start sector */
            sz_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba); /* Get volume size */
        }
    } else /* The volume is associated with a physical drive */
    {
        if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_vol) != RES_OK) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
        }

        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) /* To be partitioned? */
        {
            /* Create a single-partition on the drive in this function */
#if FF_LBA64
            if (sz_vol >= FF_MIN_GPT) /* Which partition type to create, MBR or GPT? */
            {
                fsopt |= 0x80; /* Partitioning is in GPT */
                b_vol = GPT_ALIGN / ss;
                sz_vol -= b_vol + GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss + 1; /* Estimated partition offset and size */
            } else
#endif
            {
                /* Partitioning is in MBR */
                if (sz_vol > N_SEC_TRACK) {
                    b_vol = N_SEC_TRACK;
                    sz_vol -= b_vol; /* Estimated partition offset and size */
                }
            }
        }
    }

    if (sz_vol < 128) {
        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Check if volume size is >=128s */
    }

    /* Now start to create a FAT volume at b_vol and sz_vol */

    do /* Pre-determine the FAT type */
    {
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && (fsopt & FM_EXFAT)) /* exFAT possible? */
        {
            if ((fsopt & FM_ANY) == FM_EXFAT || sz_vol >= 0x4000000 || sz_au > 128) /* exFAT only, vol >= 64MS or sz_au > 128S ? */
            {
                fsty = FS_EXFAT;
                break;
            }
        }

#if FF_LBA64

        if (sz_vol >= 0x100000000) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too large volume for FAT/FAT32 */
        }

#endif

        if (sz_au > 128) {
            sz_au = 128; /* Invalid AU for FAT/FAT32? */
        }

        if (fsopt & FM_FAT32) /* FAT32 possible? */
        {
            if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) /* no-FAT? */
            {
                fsty = FS_FAT32;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_INVALID_PARAMETER); /* no-FAT? */
        }

        fsty = FS_FAT16;
    } while (0);

#if FF_FS_EXFAT

    if (fsty == FS_EXFAT) /* Create an exFAT volume */
    {
        DWORD szb_bit, szb_case, sum, nb, cl, tbl[3];
        WCHAR ch, si;
        UINT j, st;
        BYTE b;

        if (sz_vol < 0x1000) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too small volume for exFAT? */
        }

#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol;
        lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1; /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif

        /* Determine FAT location, data location and number of clusters */
        if (sz_au == 0) /* AU auto-selection */
        {
            sz_au = 8;

            if (sz_vol >= 0x80000) {
                sz_au = 64; /* >= 512Ks */
            }

            if (sz_vol >= 0x4000000) {
                sz_au = 256; /* >= 64Ms */
            }
        }

        b_fat = b_vol + 32;                                            /* FAT start at offset 32 */
        sz_fat = (DWORD)((sz_vol / sz_au + 2) * 4 + ss - 1) / ss;      /* Number of FAT sectors */
        b_data = (b_fat + sz_fat + sz_blk - 1) & ~((LBA_t)sz_blk - 1); /* Align data area to the erase block boundary */

        if (b_data - b_vol >= sz_vol / 2) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too small volume? */
        }

        n_clst = (DWORD)(sz_vol - (b_data - b_vol)) / sz_au; /* Number of clusters */

        if (n_clst < 16) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too few clusters? */
        }

        if (n_clst > MAX_EXFAT) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too many clusters? */
        }

        szb_bit = (n_clst + 7) / 8;                         /* Size of allocation bitmap */
        tbl[0] = (szb_bit + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss); /* Number of allocation bitmap clusters */

        /* Create a compressed up-case table */
        sect = b_data + sz_au * tbl[0]; /* Table start sector */
        sum = 0;                        /* Table checksum to be stored in the 82 entry */
        st = 0;
        si = 0;
        i = 0;
        j = 0;
        szb_case = 0;

        do {
            switch (st) {
                case 0:
                    ch = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(si); /* Get an up-case char */

                    if (ch != si) {
                        si++;
                        break; /* Store the up-case char if exist */
                    }

                    for (j = 1; (WCHAR)(si + j) && (WCHAR)(si + j) == ff_wtoupper((WCHAR)(si + j)); j++)
                        ; /* Get run length of no-case block */

                    if (j >= 128) {
                        ch = 0xFFFF;
                        st = 2;
                        break; /* Compress the no-case block if run is >= 128 */
                    }

                    st = 1; /* Do not compress short run */

                /* go to next case */
                case 1:
                    ch = si++; /* Fill the short run */

                    if (--j == 0) {
                        st = 0;
                    }

                    break;

                default:
                    ch = (WCHAR)j;
                    si += (WCHAR)j; /* Number of chars to skip */
                    st = 0;
            }

            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 0] = (BYTE)ch, sum); /* Put it into the write buffer */
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 1] = (BYTE)(ch >> 8), sum);
            i += 2;
            szb_case += 2;

            if (si == 0 || i == sz_buf * ss) /* Write buffered data when buffer full or end of process */
            {
                n = (i + ss - 1) / ss;

                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                sect += n;
                i = 0;
            }
        } while (si);

        tbl[1] = (szb_case + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss); /* Number of up-case table clusters */
        tbl[2] = 1;                                          /* Number of root dir clusters */

        /* Initialize the allocation bitmap */
        sect = b_data;
        nsect = (szb_bit + ss - 1) / ss; /* Start of bitmap and number of sectors */
        nb = tbl[0] + tbl[1] + tbl[2];   /* Number of clusters in-use by system */

        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);

            for (i = 0; nb >= 8 && i < sz_buf * ss; buf[i++] = 0xFF, nb -= 8)
                ;

            for (b = 1; nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss; buf[i] |= b, b <<= 1, nb--)
                ;

            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect; /* Write the buffered data */

            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }

            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the FAT */
        sect = b_fat;
        nsect = sz_fat; /* Start of FAT and number of FAT sectors */
        j = nb = cl = 0;

        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
            i = 0; /* Clear work area and reset write index */

            if (cl == 0) /* Set FAT [0] and FAT[1] */
            {
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFF8);
                i += 4;
                cl++;
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFFF);
                i += 4;
                cl++;
            }

            do /* Create chains of bitmap, up-case and root dir */
            {
                while (nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss) /* Create a chain */
                {
                    st_dword(buf + i, (nb > 1) ? cl + 1 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
                    i += 4;
                    cl++;
                    nb--;
                }

                if (nb == 0 && j < 3) {
                    nb = tbl[j++]; /* Next chain */
                }
            } while (nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss);

            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect; /* Write the buffered data */

            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }

            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the root directory */
        mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        buf[SZDIRE * 0 + 0] = ET_VLABEL;             /* Volume label entry (no label) */
        buf[SZDIRE * 1 + 0] = ET_BITMAP;             /* Bitmap entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 20, 2);          /*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 24, szb_bit);    /*  size */
        buf[SZDIRE * 2 + 0] = ET_UPCASE;             /* Up-case table entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 4, sum);         /*  sum */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 20, 2 + tbl[0]); /*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 24, szb_case);   /*  size */
        sect = b_data + sz_au * (tbl[0] + tbl[1]);
        nsect = sz_au; /* Start of the root directory and number of sectors */

        do /* Fill root directory sectors */
        {
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;

            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }

            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Create two set of the exFAT VBR blocks */
        sect = b_vol;

        for (n = 0; n < 2; n++) {
            /* Main record (+0) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90"
                                      "EXFAT   ",
                    11);                                            /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_VolOfsEx, b_vol);                    /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_TotSecEx, sz_vol);                   /* Volume size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_fat - b_vol));   /* FAT offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatSzEx, sz_fat);                    /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_DataOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_data - b_vol)); /* Data offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_NumClusEx, n_clst);                  /* Number of clusters */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClusEx, 2 + tbl[0] + tbl[1]);    /* Root dir cluster # */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolIDEx, GET_FATTIME());             /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSVerEx, 0x100);                      /* Filesystem version (1.00) */

            for (buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] = 0, i = ss; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx]++)
                ; /* Log2 of sector size [byte] */

            for (buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx] = 0, i = sz_au; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx]++)
                ; /* Log2 of cluster size [sector] */

            buf[BPB_NumFATsEx] = 1;               /* Number of FATs */
            buf[BPB_DrvNumEx] = 0x80;             /* Drive number (for int13) */
            st_word(buf + BS_BootCodeEx, 0xFEEB); /* Boot code (x86) */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);       /* Signature (placed here regardless of sector size) */

            for (i = sum = 0; i < ss; i++) /* VBR checksum */
            {
                if (i != BPB_VolFlagEx && i != BPB_VolFlagEx + 1 && i != BPB_PercInUseEx) {
                    sum = xsum32(buf[i], sum);
                }
            }

            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }

            /* Extended bootstrap record (+1..+8) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + ss - 2, 0xAA55); /* Signature (placed at end of sector) */

            for (j = 1; j < 9; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum))
                    ; /* VBR checksum */

                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
            }

            /* OEM/Reserved record (+9..+10) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);

            for (; j < 11; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum))
                    ; /* VBR checksum */

                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
            }

            /* Sum record (+11) */
            for (i = 0; i < ss; i += 4) {
                st_dword(buf + i, sum); /* Fill with checksum value */
            }

            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
        }

    } else
#endif /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {
        /* Create an FAT/FAT32 volume */
        do {
            pau = sz_au;

            /* Pre-determine number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) /* FAT32 volume */
            {
                if (pau == 0) /* AU auto-selection */
                {
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x20000; /* Volume size in unit of 128KS */

                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst32[i] && cst32[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1)
                        ; /* Get from table */
                }

                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;            /* Number of clusters */
                sz_fat = (n_clst * 4 + 8 + ss - 1) / ss; /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 32;                             /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = 0;                              /* No static directory */

                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16 || n_clst > MAX_FAT32) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            } else /* FAT volume */
            {
                if (pau == 0) /* au auto-selection */
                {
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x1000; /* Volume size in unit of 4KS */

                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst[i] && cst[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1)
                        ; /* Get from table */
                }

                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;

                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                    n = n_clst * 2 + 4; /* FAT size [byte] */
                } else {
                    fsty = FS_FAT12;
                    n = (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3; /* FAT size [byte] */
                }

                sz_fat = (n + ss - 1) / ss;           /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 1;                           /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = (DWORD)n_root * SZDIRE / ss; /* Root dir size [sector] */
            }

            b_fat = b_vol + sz_rsv;                   /* FAT base */
            b_data = b_fat + sz_fat * n_fat + sz_dir; /* Data base */

            /* Align data area to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
            n = (DWORD)(((b_data + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1)) - b_data); /* Sectors to next nearest from current data base */

            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) /* FAT32: Move FAT */
            {
                sz_rsv += n;
                b_fat += n;
            } else /* FAT: Expand FAT */
            {
                if (n % n_fat) /* Adjust fractional error if needed */
                {
                    n--;
                    sz_rsv++;
                    b_fat++;
                }

                sz_fat += n / n_fat;
            }

            /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
            if (sz_vol < b_data + pau * 16 - b_vol) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too small volume? */
            }

            n_clst = ((DWORD)sz_vol - sz_rsv - sz_fat * n_fat - sz_dir) / pau;

            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16) /* Too few clusters for FAT32? */
                {
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau / 2) != 0) {
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }

                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }

            if (fsty == FS_FAT16) {
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT16) /* Too many clusters for FAT16 */
                {
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (pau * 2) <= 64) {
                        sz_au = pau * 2;
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }

                    if ((fsopt & FM_FAT32)) {
                        fsty = FS_FAT32;
                        continue; /* Switch type to FAT32 and retry */
                    }

                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) {
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }

                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }

                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT12) /* Too few clusters for FAT16 */
                {
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) {
                        continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }

                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }

            if (fsty == FS_FAT12 && n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too many clusters for FAT12 */
            }

            /* Ok, it is the valid cluster configuration */
            break;
        } while (1);

#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol;
        lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1; /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
        /* Create FAT VBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\xFE\x90"
                                  "MSDOS5.0",
                11);                                                            /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
        st_word(buf + BPB_BytsPerSec, ss);                                      /* Sector size [byte] */
        buf[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)pau;                                        /* Cluster size [sector] */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RsvdSecCnt, (WORD)sz_rsv);                            /* Size of reserved area */
        buf[BPB_NumFATs] = (BYTE)n_fat;                                         /* Number of FATs */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RootEntCnt, (WORD)((fsty == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : n_root)); /* Number of root directory entries */

        if (sz_vol < 0x10000) {
            st_word(buf + BPB_TotSec16, (WORD)sz_vol); /* Volume size in 16-bit LBA */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSec32, (DWORD)sz_vol); /* Volume size in 32-bit LBA */
        }

        buf[BPB_Media] = 0xF8;                     /* Media descriptor byte */
        st_word(buf + BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);          /* Number of sectors per track (for int13) */
        st_word(buf + BPB_NumHeads, 255);          /* Number of heads (for int13) */
        st_dword(buf + BPB_HiddSec, (DWORD)b_vol); /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */

        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID32, GET_FATTIME()); /* VSN */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FATSz32, sz_fat);       /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClus32, 2);         /* Root directory cluster # (2) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSInfo32, 1);            /* Offset of FSINFO sector (VBR + 1) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_BkBootSec32, 6);         /* Offset of backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            buf[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;                   /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                  /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    "
                                       "FAT32   ",
                    19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID, GET_FATTIME());  /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FATSz16, (WORD)sz_fat); /* FAT size [sector] */
            buf[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;                    /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                   /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    "
                                     "FAT     ",
                    19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        }

        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55); /* Signature (offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */

        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write it to the VBR sector */
        }

        /* Create FSINFO record if needed */
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 6, 1); /* Write backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1); /* Number of free clusters */
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);            /* Last allocated cluster# */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 7, 1); /* Write backup FSINFO (VBR + 7) */
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 1, 1); /* Write original FSINFO (VBR + 1) */
        }

        /* Initialize FAT area */
        mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        sect = b_fat; /* FAT start sector */

        for (i = 0; i < n_fat; i++) /* Initialize FATs each */
        {
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                st_dword(buf + 0, 0xFFFFFFF8); /* FAT[0] */
                st_dword(buf + 4, 0xFFFFFFFF); /* FAT[1] */
                st_dword(buf + 8, 0x0FFFFFFF); /* FAT[2] (root directory) */
            } else {
                st_dword(buf + 0, (fsty == FS_FAT12) ? 0xFFFFF8 : 0xFFFFFFF8); /* FAT[0] and FAT[1] */
            }

            nsect = sz_fat; /* Number of FAT sectors */

            do /* Fill FAT sectors */
            {
                n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;

                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }

                mem_set(buf, 0, ss); /* Rest of FAT all are cleared */
                sect += n;
                nsect -= n;
            } while (nsect);
        }

        /* Initialize root directory (fill with zero) */
        nsect = (fsty == FS_FAT32) ? pau : sz_dir; /* Number of root directory sectors */

        do {
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;

            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }

            sect += n;
            nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
    }

    /* A FAT volume has been created here */

    /* Determine system ID in the MBR partition table */
    if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fsty == FS_EXFAT) {
        sys = 0x07; /* exFAT */
    } else {
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            sys = 0x0C; /* FAT32X */
        } else {
            if (sz_vol >= 0x10000) {
                sys = 0x06; /* FAT12/16 (large) */
            } else {
                sys = (fsty == FS_FAT16) ? 0x04 : 0x01; /* FAT16 : FAT12 */
            }
        }
    }

    /* Update partition information */
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) /* Volume is in the existing partition */
    {
        if (!FF_LBA64 || !(fsopt & 0x80)) {
            /* Update system ID in the partition table */
            if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Read the MBR */
            }

            buf[MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE + PTE_System] = sys; /* Set system ID */

            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Write it back to the MBR */
            }
        }
    } else /* Volume as a new single partition */
    {
        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) /* Create partition table if not in SFD */
        {
            lba[0] = sz_vol, lba[1] = 0;
            fr = create_partition(pdrv, lba, sys, buf);

            if (fr != FR_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(fr);
            }
        }
    }

    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) {
        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
    }

    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_OK);
}

#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create Partition Table on the Physical Drive                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_fdisk(
    BYTE pdrv,          /* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t ptbl[], /* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
    void *work          /* Pointer to the working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
)
{
    BYTE *buf = (BYTE *)work;
    DSTATUS stat;

    stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);

    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) {
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    }

    if (stat & STA_PROTECT) {
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }

#if FF_USE_LFN == 3

    if (!buf) {
        buf = ff_memalloc(FF_MAX_SS); /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
    }

#endif

    if (!buf) {
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    }

    LEAVE_MKFS(create_partition(pdrv, ptbl, 0x07, buf));
}

#endif /* FF_MULTI_PARTITION */
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS */

#if FF_USE_STRFUNC
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && (FF_STRF_ENCODE < 0 || FF_STRF_ENCODE > 3)
#error Wrong FF_STRF_ENCODE setting
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get a String from the File                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

TCHAR *f_gets(
    TCHAR *buff, /* Pointer to the buffer to store read string */
    int len,     /* Size of string buffer (items) */
    FIL *fp      /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    int nc = 0;
    TCHAR *p = buff;
    BYTE s[4];
    UINT rc;
    DWORD dc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE <= 2
    WCHAR wc;
#endif
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3
    UINT ct;
#endif

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE /* With code conversion (Unicode API) */

    /* Make a room for the character and terminator  */
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1) {
        len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 1 : 2;
    }

    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2) {
        len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 3 : 4;
    }

    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3) {
        len -= 1;
    }

    while (nc < len) {
#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0 /* Read a character in ANSI/OEM */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get a code unit */

        if (rc != 1) {
            break; /* EOF? */
        }

        wc = s[0];

        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) /* DBC 1st byte? */
        {
            f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get DBC 2nd byte */

            if (rc != 1 || !dbc_2nd(s[0])) {
                continue; /* Wrong code? */
            }

            wc = wc << 8 | s[0];
        }

        dc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE); /* OEM --> */

        if (dc == 0) {
            continue;
        }

#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1 || FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2 /* Read a character in UTF-16LE/BE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc); /* Get a code unit */

        if (rc != 2) {
            break; /* EOF? */
        }

        dc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];

        if (IsSurrogateL(dc)) {
            continue; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
        }

        if (IsSurrogateH(dc)) /* High surrogate? */
        {
            f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc); /* Get low surrogate */

            if (rc != 2) {
                break; /* EOF? */
            }

            wc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];

            if (!IsSurrogateL(wc)) {
                continue; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            }

            dc = ((dc & 0x3FF) + 0x40) << 10 | (wc & 0x3FF); /* Merge surrogate pair */
        }

#else /* Read a character in UTF-8 */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get a code unit */

        if (rc != 1) {
            break; /* EOF? */
        }

        dc = s[0];

        if (dc >= 0x80) /* Multi-byte sequence? */
        {
            ct = 0;

            if ((dc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
                dc &= 0x1F; /* 2-byte sequence? */
                ct = 1;
            }

            if ((dc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
                dc &= 0x0F; /* 3-byte sequence? */
                ct = 2;
            }

            if ((dc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
                dc &= 0x07; /* 4-byte sequence? */
                ct = 3;
            }

            if (ct == 0) {
                continue;
            }

            f_read(fp, s, ct, &rc); /* Get trailing bytes */

            if (rc != ct) {
                break;
            }

            rc = 0;

            do /* Merge the byte sequence */
            {
                if ((s[rc] & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                    break;
                }

                dc = dc << 6 | (s[rc] & 0x3F);
            } while (++rc < ct);

            if (rc != ct || dc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(dc) || dc >= 0x110000) {
                continue; /* Wrong encoding? */
            }
        }

#endif
        /* A code point is avaialble in dc to be output */

        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') {
            continue; /* Strip \r off if needed */
        }

#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 || FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3 /* Output it in UTF-16/32 encoding */

        if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 && dc >= 0x10000) /* Out of BMP at UTF-16? */
        {
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xD800 | ((dc >> 10) - 0x40));
            nc++;                       /* Make and output high surrogate */
            dc = 0xDC00 | (dc & 0x3FF); /* Make low surrogate */
        }

        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
        nc++;

        if (dc == '\n') {
            break; /* End of line? */
        }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* Output it in UTF-8 encoding */

        if (dc < 0x80) /* Single byte? */
        {
            *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
            nc++;

            if (dc == '\n') {
                break; /* End of line? */
            }
        } else {
            if (dc < 0x800) /* 2-byte sequence? */
            {
                *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (dc >> 6 & 0x1F));
                *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                nc += 2;
            } else {
                if (dc < 0x10000) /* 3-byte sequence? */
                {
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (dc >> 12 & 0x0F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                    nc += 3;
                } else /* 4-byte sequence? */
                {
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (dc >> 18 & 0x07));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 12 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                    nc += 4;
                }
            }
        }

#endif
    }

#else /* Byte-by-byte read without any conversion (ANSI/OEM API) */
    len -= 1; /* Make a room for the terminator */

    while (nc < len) {
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc); /* Get a byte */

        if (rc != 1) {
            break; /* EOF? */
        }

        dc = s[0];

        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') {
            continue;
        }

        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
        nc++;

        if (dc == '\n') {
            break;
        }
    }

#endif

    *p = 0;               /* Terminate the string */
    return nc ? buff : 0; /* When no data read due to EOF or error, return with error. */
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#include <stdarg.h>
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Character to the File (sub-functions)                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Putchar output buffer and work area */

typedef struct
{
    FIL *fp;       /* Ptr to the writing file */
    int idx, nchr; /* Write index of buf[] (-1:error), number of encoding units written */
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1
    WCHAR hs;
#elif FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
    BYTE bs[4];
    UINT wi, ct;
#endif
    BYTE buf[64]; /* Write buffer */
} putbuff;

/* Buffered write with code conversion */

static void putc_bfd(putbuff *pb, TCHAR c)
{
    UINT n;
    int i, nc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
    WCHAR hs, wc;
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
    DWORD dc;
    TCHAR *tp;
#endif
#endif

    if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\n') /* LF -> CRLF conversion */
    {
        putc_bfd(pb, '\r');
    }

    i = pb->idx; /* Write index of pb->buf[] */

    if (i < 0) {
        return;
    }

    nc = pb->nchr; /* Write unit counter */

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 /* UTF-16 input */

    if (IsSurrogateH(c)) /* High surrogate? */
    {
        pb->hs = c;
        return; /* Save it for next */
    }

    hs = pb->hs;
    pb->hs = 0;

    if (hs != 0) /* There is a leading high surrogate */
    {
        if (!IsSurrogateL(c)) {
            hs = 0; /* Discard high surrogate if not a surrogate pair */
        }
    } else {
        if (IsSurrogateL(c)) {
            return; /* Discard stray low surrogate */
        }
    }

    wc = c;
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2 /* UTF-8 input */

    for (;;) {
        if (pb->ct == 0) /* Out of multi-byte sequence? */
        {
            pb->bs[pb->wi = 0] = (BYTE)c; /* Save 1st byte */

            if ((BYTE)c < 0x80) {
                break; /* Single byte? */
            }

            if (((BYTE)c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
                pb->ct = 1; /* 2-byte sequence? */
            }

            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
                pb->ct = 2; /* 3-byte sequence? */
            }

            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF1) == 0xF0) {
                pb->ct = 3; /* 4-byte sequence? */
            }

            return;
        } else /* In the multi-byte sequence */
        {
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xC0) != 0x80) /* Broken sequence? */
            {
                pb->ct = 0;
                continue;
            }

            pb->bs[++pb->wi] = (BYTE)c; /* Save the trailing byte */

            if (--pb->ct == 0) {
                break; /* End of multi-byte sequence? */
            }

            return;
        }
    }

    tp = (TCHAR *)pb->bs;
    dc = tchar2uni(&tp); /* UTF-8 ==> UTF-16 */

    if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
        return; /* Wrong code? */
    }

    wc = (WCHAR)dc;
    hs = (WCHAR)(dc >> 16);
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3 /* UTF-32 input */

    if (IsSurrogate(c) || c >= 0x110000) {
        return; /* Discard invalid code */
    }

    if (c >= 0x10000) /* Out of BMP? */
    {
        hs = (WCHAR)(0xD800 | ((c >> 10) - 0x40)); /* Make high surrogate */
        wc = 0xDC00 | (c & 0x3FF);                 /* Make low surrogate */
    } else {
        hs = 0;
        wc = (WCHAR)c;
    }

#endif
    /* A code point in UTF-16 is available in hs and wc */

#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1 /* Write a code point in UTF-16LE */

    if (hs != 0) /* Surrogate pair? */
    {
        st_word(&pb->buf[i], hs);
        i += 2;
        nc++;
    }

    st_word(&pb->buf[i], wc);
    i += 2;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2 /* Write a code point in UTF-16BE */

    if (hs != 0) /* Surrogate pair? */
    {
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)hs;
        nc++;
    }

    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3 /* Write a code point in UTF-8 */

    if (hs != 0) /* 4-byte sequence? */
    {
        nc += 3;
        hs = (hs & 0x3FF) + 0x40;
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xF0 | hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs >> 2 & 0x3F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs & 3) << 4 | (wc >> 6 & 0x0F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
    } else {
        if (wc < 0x80) /* Single byte? */
        {
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
        } else {
            if (wc < 0x800) /* 2-byte sequence? */
            {
                nc += 1;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xC0 | wc >> 6);
            } else /* 3-byte sequence */
            {
                nc += 2;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xE0 | wc >> 12);
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc >> 6 & 0x3F));
            }

            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
        }
    }

#else /* Write a code point in ANSI/OEM */

    if (hs != 0) {
        return;
    }

    wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE); /* UTF-16 ==> ANSI/OEM */

    if (wc == 0) {
        return;
    }

    if (wc >= 0x100) {
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
        nc++;
    }

    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#endif

#else /* ANSI/OEM input (without re-encoding) */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif

    if (i >= (int)(sizeof pb->buf) - 4) /* Write buffered characters to the file */
    {
        f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)i, &n);
        i = (n == (UINT)i) ? 0 : -1;
    }

    pb->idx = i;
    pb->nchr = nc + 1;
}

/* Flush remaining characters in the buffer */

static int putc_flush(putbuff *pb)
{
    UINT nw;

    if (pb->idx >= 0 /* Flush buffered characters to the file */
        && f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)pb->idx, &nw) == FR_OK && (UINT)pb->idx == nw) {
        return pb->nchr;
    }

    return EOF;
}

/* Initialize write buffer */

static void putc_init(putbuff *pb, FIL *fp)
{
    mem_set(pb, 0, sizeof(putbuff));
    pb->fp = fp;
}

int f_putc(
    TCHAR c, /* A character to be output */
    FIL *fp  /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    putc_bfd(&pb, c); /* Put the character */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a String to the File                                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_puts(
    const TCHAR *str, /* Pointer to the string to be output */
    FIL *fp           /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);

    while (*str) {
        putc_bfd(&pb, *str++); /* Put the string */
    }

    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Formatted String to the File                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_printf(
    FIL *fp,          /* Pointer to the file object */
    const TCHAR *fmt, /* Pointer to the format string */
    ...               /* Optional arguments... */
)
{
    va_list arp;
    putbuff pb;
    BYTE f, r;
    UINT i, j, w;
    DWORD v;
    TCHAR c, d, str[32], *p;

    putc_init(&pb, fp);

    va_start(arp, fmt);

    for (;;) {
        c = *fmt++;

        if (c == 0) {
            break; /* End of string */
        }

        if (c != '%') /* Non escape character */
        {
            putc_bfd(&pb, c);
            continue;
        }

        w = f = 0;
        c = *fmt++;

        if (c == '0') /* Flag: '0' padding */
        {
            f = 1;
            c = *fmt++;
        } else {
            if (c == '-') /* Flag: left justified */
            {
                f = 2;
                c = *fmt++;
            }
        }

        if (c == '*') /* Minimum width by argument */
        {
            w = va_arg(arp, int);
            c = *fmt++;
        } else {
            while (IsDigit(c)) /* Minimum width */
            {
                w = w * 10 + c - '0';
                c = *fmt++;
            }
        }

        if (c == 'l' || c == 'L') /* Type prefix: Size is long int */
        {
            f |= 4;
            c = *fmt++;
        }

        if (c == 0) {
            break;
        }

        d = c;

        if (IsLower(d)) {
            d -= 0x20;
        }

        switch (d) /* Atgument type is... */
        {
            case 'S': /* String */
                p = va_arg(arp, TCHAR *);

                for (j = 0; p[j]; j++)
                    ;

                if (!(f & 2)) /* Right padded */
                {
                    while (j++ < w) {
                        putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
                    }
                }

                while (*p) {
                    putc_bfd(&pb, *p++); /* String body */
                }

                while (j++ < w) {
                    putc_bfd(&pb, ' '); /* Left padded */
                }

                continue;

            case 'C': /* Character */
                putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int));
                continue;

            case 'B': /* Unsigned binary */
                r = 2;
                break;

            case 'O': /* Unsigned octal */
                r = 8;
                break;

            case 'D': /* Signed decimal */
            case 'U': /* Unsigned decimal */
                r = 10;
                break;

            case 'X': /* Unsigned hexdecimal */
                r = 16;
                break;

            default: /* Unknown type (pass-through) */
                putc_bfd(&pb, c);
                continue;
        }

        /* Get an argument and put it in numeral */
        v = (f & 4) ? (DWORD)va_arg(arp, long) : ((d == 'D') ? (DWORD)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (DWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int));

        if (d == 'D' && (v & 0x80000000)) {
            v = 0 - v;
            f |= 8;
        }

        i = 0;

        do {
            d = (TCHAR)(v % r);
            v /= r;

            if (d > 9) {
                d += (c == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
            }

            str[i++] = d + '0';
        } while (v && i < sizeof str / sizeof *str);

        if (f & 8) {
            str[i++] = '-';
        }

        j = i;
        d = (f & 1) ? '0' : ' ';

        if (!(f & 2)) {
            while (j++ < w) {
                putc_bfd(&pb, d); /* Right pad */
            }
        }

        do {
            putc_bfd(&pb, str[--i]); /* Number body */
        } while (i);

        while (j++ < w) {
            putc_bfd(&pb, d); /* Left pad */
        }
    }

    va_end(arp);

    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_STRFUNC */

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Active Codepage for the Path Name                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setcp(
    WORD cp /* Value to be set as active code page */
)
{
    static const WORD validcp[] = { 437, 720, 737, 771, 775, 850, 852, 857, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 869, 932, 936, 949, 950, 0 };
    static const BYTE *const tables[] = { Ct437, Ct720, Ct737, Ct771, Ct775, Ct850, Ct852, Ct857, Ct860, Ct861, Ct862, Ct863, Ct864, Ct865, Ct866, Ct869, Dc932, Dc936, Dc949, Dc950, 0 };
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; validcp[i] != 0 && validcp[i] != cp; i++)
        ; /* Find the code page */

    if (validcp[i] != cp) {
        return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER; /* Not found? */
    }

    CodePage = cp;

    if (cp >= 900) /* DBCS */
    {
        ExCvt = 0;
        DbcTbl = tables[i];
    } else /* SBCS */
    {
        ExCvt = tables[i];
        DbcTbl = 0;
    }

    return FR_OK;
}
#endif /* FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 */
